نشریه علوم درمانگاهی دامپزشکی ایران
سال هشتم شماره 2 (پیاپی 12، پاییز و زمستان 1393)

Gonadotrophins are used for ovulation and number of oocytes in human and animals. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of different doses of gonadotrophin on mating behavior, delivery and number of pups in adult wistar rats. 60 female rats randomly divided to 5 groups (n=12 per group). Animals were treated with 75,100,150 and 300 IU/Kg each of PMSG and hCG by 48-50 h apart. Control group did not receive any drug. The successful mating of the females was assayed by examining vaginal smears between 07:00-09:00 am. The number of delivering mothers and infants was recorded on days 21-23, and defined as those successfully delivering pups. There were no differences finding among mating rates and delivery rates (p≤0.05). Our results showed that high doses of gonadotrophin improved the mating were whereas decreased the delivering rate. Mating rate showed significant changes between different groups but delivery rate and number of pups did not showed significant difference (p≤0.05). It could be concluded that high doses of PMSG and hCG, 150 IU/Kg could have inverse effects on reproductive status of Wistar rats.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Heatsynch and Ovsynch(two methods of ovulation synchronization) on pregnancy rate in dairy cows. This study was carried out in a large dairy herd in suburbs of Esfehan province. In total 113 dairy cows with 50-200 days in milk entered in the study. In this experiment cows were alternately assigned to three proups.1) control group (n=50) received no treatment. Cows that were detected in estrous were inseminated by on farm technician.2) Ovsynch group (n=46) received an i.m injection of 10 μg GnRH analog on days 0 and 9 and an i.m injection of 500 μg of PGF2α on day 7, then inseminated 16-20 hour after second GnRH injection. 3) Heatsynch group (n=37) received an i.m injection of 10 μg GnRH analog and 500 μg of PGF2α on days 0 and 7 respectively and then then 1mg estradiol cypiyonate 24 hour after PG injection. Cows that were detected in estrous after estradiol treatment were inseminated as a.m. / p.m.protocol. Timed artificial insemination(TAI) was performed for cows that were not detected in estrous 48 hourafter estradiol treatment.Pregnancy detection were performed on day 30 and between days 40-45 after insemination by ultrasonography and rectal palpation respectively. The differences in Conception rate between three groups were analyzed by using Chi-Square method. Although conception rate in Ovsynchgroup (%41.3) were higher than Heatsynch(%37.8) and control(%36) groups, but there was no significant differences in conception rate between three groups.

There is some evidence that shows some manipulations during assisted reproductive technologies such as in vitro culture and vitrification can affect fetal development. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of culture medium (handmade culture medium: SOF vs. commercial culture medium: G1/G2) and vitrification (vitrified vs. non-vitrified) on survival rate, blastocyst formation and hatching rate. For this purpose, 2-cell embryos were recovered from naturally synchronized NMRI females and divided in two groups (vitrification and control groups). Embryos from each group cultured in SOF or G1/G2 culture medium. Results showed that survival rate was not significantly different between groups. The potential of embryos in vitrified-SOF group to develop towards blastocyst stage and also hatching rate were significantly lower than non-vitrified-G1/G2 group (P 0.05). These results suggest that, the potential of embryos to develop towards blastocyst stage and hatching rate might be affected by the vitrification procedure and culture medium.

This study was undertaken to determine the effects of Lavandulla officinalis extract on cutaneous wound healing in rabbit model.Five Newzeland rabbits weighing about 2 kg were used.After routine surgical preparation five round full thickness skin wound 5 mm in diameter and 2 cm distance from each other were performed on the back of each rabbit by cutaneous punch.The study was accomplished on five groups with 5 wounds in each which Lanoline was used in the wounds of group 1.Group2 to 4 recieved Lanoline and 0.5%, 1% and 1.5% Lavandulla officinalis extract respectively. The wound were studied macroscopically and measurement were calculated 4,8,12, 16 and 20 days after surgery.For histopathological study the rabbits were euthanized twenty days after surgery and tissue sample were taken from the site of healed wounds.There was no statistically significant difference in the area of wound between treated and control wounds.The results of this study showed the Lavandulla officinalis extract did not improve cutaneous wound healing in rabbit.

In 2012 methyl mercury toxicosis rapidly caused affected cattle enable to move, recumbent and even moribund in this intoxication. Pathological findings were hyalinization and fibrinoid necrosis of the meningeal and brain parenchyma vasculatures, degeneration and necrosis of the nerve cells including the cerebellar purkinji cells,hemorrhages within leptomeninges and Virchow Robin spaces due to vascular damages, brain edema and toxic nephritis characterized by coagulative necrosis and degenerative changes of the cells lining of proximal tubules of the kidney. In this engagement the amount of methyl mercury in the fixed brain tissue, kidney and liver of moribund slaughtered cattle were 0.07, 0.03 and 0.02 ppm respectively. In addition, the amount of methyl mercury of rice straw, the main food of the two affected sections of the herd, was 0.9 ppm. Considering clinical symptoms and histopathological findings in the brain and kidney and toxicological examination, the heavy pregnant cattle and low milk producing cows which consumed much more contaminated rice straw had methyl mercury intoxication. Due to lack of mercury binders, it was not possible to treat the intoxicated animals. Nevertheless, it is necessary to consider the three following advices; -animals should not reach to mercury polluted feed staffs, 2-as soon as new cases diagnosed, they should be treated with charcoal, an astringent and complimentary treatments including liquid therapy and injection of anti-oxidants (Vitamin C, Vitamin E and Selenium).

This study was conducted to evaluate antioxidant activity of Cinnamon and Thyme and its relationship to quails egg and meat production performance. 100 quails were fed five diets: G1: control, G2: control diet + 1% of Thymus powder, G3: control diet + 2% of Thymus powder, G: control diet + 1% of Cinnamon, and G5: control diet + 2% of Cinnamon. A complete randomized design (CRD) with 5 treatments, 3 replicates and 4 birds in each replicate was used. Live weight, egg production, feed intake, and egg production conversion ratio were determined. After blood sampling, Nitric oxide and TBARS values were evaluated. The results indicated that G2 group had highest level and G3 and G5 groups had lowest level of live weight. Quails in the G4 group had significantly higher feed intake (P<0.05). There were no significant difference between treatments on egg production. The best performance and highest FI observed in G2 group (P<0.05). Nitric oxide values were not significantly different. Lowest amounts of TBARS were in G2 group (P<0.05) and highest amounts were in G5 group. In conclusion, this study suggests that using 1% Thymus has beneficial effects on laying performance and also Thyme has high antioxidant capacity in quails.

The aims of this study were to obtain vertebral heart size (VHS) in healthy, native and mixed breed (Holstein) calves. The study was conducted on 34 clinically native (16) and mixed breed (18) healthy calves. Left to right (LR) and right to left (RL) lateral radiographs were made in lateral recumbency. In LL and RL radiographs, lengths of 4th thoracic vertebra (T) to T6, 4th sternebra (S) to S6 were measured in centimeter. Long and short axis of the heart and sum of them, were also measured. Measurements were recorded in centimeters and number of thoracic vertebral length spanned by each dimension, measured caudally from T4. Means ± SD and correlation coefficients between the measurements were calculated with standard statistical software (SPSS). There were significant correlations between long and short cardiac axes and sum of them versus T4 to T6 and their correlations were more than sternebrae 4-6 length in LL and RL radiograph. There were no significant differences in cardiac dimension, in vertebrae and centimeters between LL and RL radiographs, based on student’s t test (P>0.05). In native and mixed breed calves, means ± SD VHS were 9.0 ± 0.3 and 9.4 ± 0.4 vertebrae, respectively. Means ± SD VHS of native and mixed breed calves was 9.2±0.4 and 9.3±0.4 in LL and Rl radiographs, respectively. Our results showed that VHS of calves were smaller than dog and larger than cat. Keywords: Calf, Vertebral Heart Size, Thoracic Radiology.

In this article, in order to demonstrate the importance of the numbers of pre-milking stripping on the milk total bacterial count (TBC) of milking of cows, thirty cows with clinically normal milk were selected from Garmsar suburban farms. Milk samples were collected from the first, the third and the fifth milking strips in the process of pre- milking udder preparation. In order to determine TBC and SCC, the collected milk samples were immediately transported to a laboratory. TBC and SCC were rechecked after 48 hours of wetting the beddings. Results showed that the medians of TBC in the dry bedding group were significantly different between first (4458.5), third (1725) and fifth 0) stripping, and in the wet bedding group between first (23741), third (10750) and fifth (1250) stripping (P=0. 00). TBC was statistically higher in dry bedding than wet bedding group (P=0. 00). SCC was also statistically higher in the dry bedding (675×103) than in the wet bedding (712.5×103) group (P=0. 00).The correlation between SCC and TBC was not found, with an exception in third stripping in dry bedding group (P>0.05). It was concluded that pre-milking stripping was essential, at least until 5 strips in a dry bedding, and more than 5 strips in a wet bedding.