مجله زنان مامائی و نازائی ایران
سال هجدهم شماره 153 (هفته سوم تیر 1394)

Poor balance is one of the risk factors of falling، injury and even death of elderly. Since disorders in neuromuscular performance and imbalance are the main cause of falling among the elderly، its rehabilitation and balance are the main concern of the researchers. The present study was performed with aim to compare the effects of two selected exercises of Theraband and Pilates on the balance and strength of lower limb in elderly women. This semi-experimental (interventional) study was performed with pre-test and post-test on 45 women aged 60-75 years old in Mashhad in 2014. They were randomly divided into three groups: the Theraband training، Pilates training، and control groups. The experimental groups participated for six weeks in Theraband and Pilates trainings. The control group did their daily activities during the project. Before and after the six weeks of training، Berg test (dynamic balance) and thirty Second Chair Stand test (strength of lower limb) were given. Data were analyzed by covariance analysis (ANCOVA)، Analysis of variance (ANOVA)، Bonferroni post hoc test and Mean Difference. P˂0. 05 was considered significant. Pilates and Theraband trainings led to a significant improvement in the dynamic balance and strength of lower limb in elderly women. Furthermore، Theraband trainings was more affective on the dynamic balance and Pilates trainings on the strength of lower limb. both Pilates and Theraband trainings lead to the increase of the dynamic balance and strength of lower limb in elderly women، but، Pilates training was more effective on strength of lower limb and Theraband training was more effective on dynamic balance.

Prediction of pregnancy complications and its prevention are the most important strategy for reducing morbidity and mortality rates in the fetus and the mother. This study was conducted with aim to determine the prevalence of high-risk pregnancies in pregnant women of Sonqor city. This descriptive study was conducted using data related to 3157 cases of pregnant women referring to health bases of pregnant mothers in Sonqor city in 2011. Data recorded in the booklets of maternal care included the data of pregnancy، previous pregnancies and underlying diseases of mother. To describe data، the mean and standard deviation for quantitative variables and frequency percentage for qualitative variables were used. Data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 20) and chi-square test. Among a total of 3157 pregnant mothers، 1256 mothers (39. 8%) had high risk pregnancy. Urinary tract infection (5. 8%)، history of abortion (4. 02%)، maternal age over 35 age (3. 8%) and under 18 years (2. 7%)، poor weight gain (2/41%)، anemia (2. 38%)، decreased fetal movements (2. 34%)، placenta previa (2. 31%) and high blood pressure (1. 74%) were the most common causes of high risk pregnancy. Frequency distribution of the causes of high-risk pregnancy had significant difference in age groups of pregnant women based on gravidity (P=0. 001). The most important risk factors in pregnant women of Sonqor city included urinary tract infection (5. 8%)، history of abortion (4. 02%)، age over 35 years (3. 8%) and younger than 18 years (2. 7%). Prevalence of placenta previa was higher than other studies، but the prevalence of gestational diabetes and hypertension was lower than the results of other studies.

Cesarean scar ectopic pregnancy (CSP) is a rare type of ectopic pregnancy، but is very important because of potentially dangerous complications. The patients complicated by this usually refer with abdominal pain or vaginal bleeding. The diagnosis is usually difficult and done by an experienced radiologist. This article presents a case of ectopic pregnancy in previous caesarean scar. Case report: in this study، the patient was a 36 years old woman with a diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy in previous cesarean scar who underwent laparotomy because of abdominal pain and bleeding، with regard to the patient''s tendency for fertility preserving، the pregnancy sac was resected and the myometrium was sutured in multi-layers، and fortunately، the uterus was preserved.

Because of the high prevalence of patients with previous cesarean section، it is very important to early diagnose the cesarean scar pregnancy، and the best diagnosis method is transvaginal sonography. According to the gestational age and the patient''s condition، treatment can be medical or surgical.