فهرست مطالب abbas asosheh

—Hospital information system, as an integrated system consists of complex, diverse, and heterogeneous information systems, which supports all clinical, administrative, and financial activities of patients; therefore, it faces interoperability problems, which is a critical feature of data sharing and integration. In this regard, a reference architecture will be presented for the integration of different systems in the hospital which comprises system, information and software architecture. This architecture emphasizes interoperability with eight layers of user interface and application, services, data collection and storage, integration, external application systems, communication and information infrastructure, management, and security/privacy, based on service orientation. It will be evaluated by ATAM method, based on ten scenarios. It shows the presented architecture will satisfy all functional and non-functional requirements such as interoperability between different information systems, reduction of information redundancy and development cost and time, scalability and accessibility.

Integrated Health Information Systems (HIS) are necessary to achieve national and international goals in health and development, which are facing cooperation problems due to diversity and heterogeneity. Interoperability as a key characteristic of data sharing and the main prerequisite of integration enables healthcare providers to make timely decisions for diagnosis, treatment, action, and patient care. Therefore, this research aimed to provide a category of interoperability concepts in electronic health (E-Health).

This research is a narrative review to categorize the interoperability concepts in E-Health. For this purpose, Scopus, Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, and IEEE databases were searched using the keywords "Interoperability framework" and "Integration" with the combination of AND along with "E-Health". Therefore, all the articles referring to the concepts of interoperability were selected.

The result of the search in the aforementioned databases was 304 articles. By removing duplicate, out-of-reach, and unrelated articles, only 40 articles were examined, and topics related to the concepts of interoperability were classified based on six axes (dimensions, levels, obstacles, integration, architecture, and measurement). Finally, its applications and challenges were described in a narrative review.

Due to the nature of the health system, integrity and intelligence are very important in this area. Therefore, to facilitate the exchange of information and the use of health information systems from each other’s services, paying attention to the presented classification has an undeniable effect, and also, an important role in the integrity and intelligence of the environment, and increases the efficiency and effectiveness in the quality of providing health care services.

Tourism as one of the programs to earn money leads to economic growth; however, due to the non-providing of medical and health services by insurance organizations, the Iranian tourism industry has faced a recession. Therefore, this study aimed to provide a smart tourism health insurance architecture in the context of the Internet of Things (IoT) and cloud to serve tourists.

This practical study was conducted to achieve a smart tourism health insurance architecture. First, its requirements were determined by reviewing the related literature and open interview with four experts from Iran Insurance Corporation. Then, by examining different types of tourism health insurance architectural models, a proposed service-oriented layered architecture was presented on the platform of IoT and cloud. Finally, the proposed architecture was evaluated by the ATAM method.

The proposed architecture has two components (i.e., the requester and the service provider) with user, network, cloud, and database layers that are connected in a service-oriented manner. Also, the evaluation of the proposed architecture by the ATAM method showed that it can respond to the health needs of tourists.

This architecture is presented on the platform of IoT and cloud that provides an intelligent background, and by recording people's data in personal risk profiles, it facilitates providing special tariffs and reducing tourism costs. Therefore, tourists will be able to travel with more confidence in controlling their health status.

Nowadays, the world of technology is facing a growing phenomenon called the Internet of Things (IoT). The purpose of this study is to provide the infrastructure requirements, service model, and conceptual model for a smart hospital based on IoT, which is a safe and reliable method due to the integration of exchanges between objects.

In this strategic applied study, the infrastructure requirements of a smart hospital based on IoT are explained explains. First, basic requirements were prepared through library studies and, by setting up a questionnaire for medical staff and specialists in medical informatics, information technology, and health information technology, they were evaluated and then finalized using the Delphi technique. Then, based on extracted requirements, the service model of a smart hospital was presented. Finally, the conceptual model of IoT-based smart hospital infrastructure was suggested.

Thirty functional and non-functional requirements for IoT-based smart hospital infrastructure were determined. After that, the proposed model of services that can be provided in the hospital, including infrastructure, core and value-added services, was presented. Then, a conceptual model that includes the health ecosystem of the country, consisting of the levels of communication and information infrastructure, digital service systems, and the health system was provided.

Agreement on the requirements, service and conceptual model, will help to design and implement the IoT-based smart hospital and make it more accurate and simple, according to factors affecting such as precision, speed and reliability in healthcare.

Hospital information system (HIS) as an integrated information system is used for daily operations, planning, care, and treatment of patients. Due to the existence of various and heterogeneous healthcare information systems, HIS encounters interoperability problems. In this regard, this study aimed to propose an integrated architecture for HIS based on the interoperability model.

This research is a strategic-applied study for achieving an integrated HIS architecture, focusing on clinical information systems (CIS). First, the requirements of clinical information systems were carried out through library studies, the review of the statistics office of the Ministry of Health, Treatment and Medical Education, and it was also reviewed and confirmed by information technology experts. Then, different interoperability frameworks and HIS architecture models were studied. Finally, the integrated HIS architecture model was proposed based on the interoperability model.

The integrated HIS architecture based on the interoperability model includes three architecture models as follows: references, software, and information. Reference architecture is proposed generally for the HIS and customized for CIS. For implementing various HISs, software architecture is proposed. And information architecture is used for storing, processing, and transmitting the information.

Considering the necessity of integration in the health system, this study creates the possibility of interoperability and integration between HIS systems by applying the guidelines of integration in the architecture, which leads to cost reduction, quality improvement, and timely decision-making.

Hospital information system (HIS) is a comprehensive software for integrating patient information for sending and exchanging health information between wards and other medical centers in order to accelerate the process of patient care and treatment, improve quality, and increase patient satisfaction. The advent of diverse and heterogeneous health care information systems in the field of e-health has led to interoperable problems. In this regard, this study aimed to provide the necessary architectural styles, to achieve an integrated HIS architecture, classified into six main categories, including distributed, dataflow, and modern systems.

In this strategic applied study, first, different types of HIS architectural models, their requirements, the concept of interoperability and its dimensions, and different types of architectural styles and their categories were examined. Then, according to HIS requirements and interoperability dimensions, the classification of architectural styles was proposed.

The results showed that the use of appropriate architectural styles facilitates the achievement of integrated architecture. The proposed classification of architectural styles is formed of six categories of systems including system of systems, shared memory, dataflow, calling, distributed, and modern systems.

Integration in HIS subsystems is one of the essentials in health systems. Applying the proposed classification supports architects in selecting interoperable requirements properly with the help of different architectural styles and placing them in the integrated HIS architectural design.

The Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) plays a vital role in stabilizing the knee. ACL lesions cause joint instability and severe disturbances in physical function and balance. After ACL reconstruction surgery, patients' ability to perform daily activities is significantly reduced and rehabilitation programs are necessary. The objective of the present study was to use an expert system for virtual reality application with the Wii Fit system to run a rehabilitation program in patients after ACL reconstruction.

This pilot study was performed as a randomized clinical trial on 20 eligible patients in two treatment groups over four weeks; one group with an expert system-based program with Wii Fit (WF group) and the other group with a standard rehabilitation program (CT group). In the first phase of the study, an expert system was developed with the help of specialists, then in the clinical phase, all patients were evaluated and rehabilitated. In statistical analysis, paired t-test and independent t-test were used.

Findings from statistical analysis showed significant differences before and after rehabilitation between the two groups in pain (P<0.001), joint swelling (P<0.001), thigh girth (P<0.001), Knee range of motion (P=0.002), and functional status of patients with Single-leg hop for distance (P<0.001), and Single-leg hop for time (P=0.014). The results revealed a significant improvement in patients in the WF group compared to the CT group.

The rehabilitation approach using the expert system for Wii Fit exercises has had significant effects on pain, swelling, range of motion, and patient performance compared to the usual rehabilitation method.

Nowadays in the business world, all levels of all organizations need a concise planning. Regarding high-speed growth in globalization and competition trend, moving the organizations to the creation of integrated software systems with using latest technologies is a necessity. One of the most significant among the above-mentioned software systems is ERP. Both SOA and cloud deals with delivering services to business with improved agility increased speed and reduced cost that can lead to greater innovation and effective returns on investment. In this paper, after study about functional and nonfunctional requirements of ERP systems, by a framework, It will be study and research about achievement in ERP systems after engaging SOA and cloud computing and their impacts on ERP. Such that these impacts will resolve so many of shortages and needs of conventional ERP as well as reduction of risks and costs of implementation of ERP in organizations. Finally, we used ATAM for evaluating the framework. The idea of the experts in both business and ICT gathered by questionnaire and the data analyzed via TOPSIS method. Similar research for using strength of SOA and cloud computing in traditional ERP in shipping industry is a novelty.

The arrival of diverse and disparate hospital information systems by different-brands, on various platforms in the field of electronic health, has led to problems of interoperability. Interoperability is defined as the ability for two (or more) systems or components to exchange information and to use the information that has been exchanged. This paper aims to provide the hospital information system interoperability model. Provided that it cover all aspects of the interoperability.
This study is an applied- descriptive. The study includes three phase, at first required indicators to achieve all aspects of interoperability in hospital information system will be identified. In the following, provide the hospital information system interoperability model. Finally, this model with using a scenario based on a software architecture analysis method will be evaluated.
In this study, in order to achieve complete interoperability in Hospital Information System has been used a HSB approach. The presented model has necessary indicators for achieving all levels of interoperability (Technical, syntactic, semantic and organizational). EHealth experts confirmed this model using with architecture trade-off analysis method (ATAM).
Achieving interoperability in healthcare information systems due to the complexity, diversity and standards is very difficult. And this challenges include technical, syntactic, semantic organizational. Increasing degree of interoperability and compatibility between hospital information systems cause to facilitate cooperation system together and increase efficiency, clinical performance and management of this systems.

In this paper conceptual and logical model of Mobile Health services risk management by the use of context aware systems is provided. Mobile health (M-Health) refers to using portable electronic devices having application for delivering health services and patient’s information management. M-Health can offer various services remotely in prevention, detection, control, and treatment of disease or in the conditions of disaster for a patient or an environment. These services can have more acceptable quality by the help of Context Aware Systems which are defined as the capacity of computing equipment for detection, feeling, interpreting, and replying to user’s local environmental aspects and computing equipment itself. In this paper, executive model is offered for managing services of M-Health based on context aware systems. One of the supplies of developing a context aware system is having a clear and well-defined definition of context and developing appropriate context information provider. In order to deliver high quality and well- managed M-Health services, in the form of context aware systems, having clinical risk management plan is necessary. M-Health services need to develop appropriate communication strategies for interacting with stockholders at each stage of clinical risk management process. Using clinical risk management in M-Health makes it possible, by the help of context aware systems, that those risks which are primarily at three sides of services provider, communicating channels and services receiver, well identified and managed, thereby they can offer qualified and precise services.

There is an increasing need for an integrated test framework which can do conformance and interoperability testing in all layers of e-business standards without any dependence on a specific standard. In this paper a knowledge framework was provided for designing a model for e-business integrated testing by combining identified design factors from testing experience and conducting the CEN (European Committee for Standardization) GITB (Global Interoperability Test Bed) project feasibility study. Also, it was shown that abstracting of test scenarios in a modular manner makes them easily understandable, independent from test beds and standards and, furthermore, more reusable. Embedding a test case tool in the test framework provides the capability of automatic generation of executable test cases, and simultaneously makes them more manageable. A modular test bed design, by considering some interfaces to pluggable adaptors and applying event driven execution model, make it configurable and applicable to the various test types. By embedding management components into the test bed, more controlling and monitoring were provided over the test and its steps as, functional requirements for the current test beds.

In this article, the ontology based approach for modeling and management of profiles and competencies in virtual organization breeding environment (VBE) is presented. The main aim of creating the profile and competency ontology of VBE participants is utilizing them in the development of the intelligent agent for choosing the best partners in order to perform the research projects in the information technology (IT) domain. Large amount of information, diversity and dissimilarity of profiles and competencies justify the use of ontology for modeling and management. Thus, ontology with the unique characteristics can assist VBE cooperators to administer these breeding environments. The main contributions of this paper are: producing profile ontology by the capability of applying it in all research VBEs, and producing competency ontology with the aim of applying it in the VBEs whose goal is studying and probing in service oriented architecture and agents domain. Methontology and semi -automated methodology in competency ontology development proportional with the domain and goals of ontology are two methodologies used in creating profile and competency ontology. Eventually, for evaluating results, Gomez-Perez approach is used.

Considering convergence of vast and different technologies in new generation networks, the required quality of service is the key success factor. The site implementation according to special benchmarking (TPC-W), to achieve the acceptable service performance may be offered in a cost effective manner, is very complicated. In this paper a mathematical method will be introduced to help providers to make informed decisions with respect of right level of resources (number and server capacity, number and power of CPUs, and amount of permanent and temporary memory). The numerical results show that the new formulation confirms the results e-commerce site emulation in an acceptable level.