ali ebrahimzadeh

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of social media marketing and electronic word-of-mouth marketing on purchase intention and to examine the moderating effect of brand equity. In this study, a quantitative research approach was used to achieve the research objectives. Also, data were collected from a sample of 384 online customers of Shater Abbas chain restaurants. Using a non-random and convenient sampling method, data were collected through an electronic questionnaire. Also, statistical analyses such as data normality and variable reliability were performed using SPSS 25 software, and then structural equation modeling and Smart PLS3 software were used to test the model. The results showed that digital marketing has a positive and significant effect on purchase intention, and the moderating effect of brand equity also has a significant effect. This result can help the brand equity strategy to create a clear image in the minds of customers so that their perception of the brand improves and they repeat purchases in the future.Furthermore, the study contributes to the existing literature by providing empirical evidence on the interplay between social media marketing, electronic word-of-mouth, brand equity, and purchase intention within the context of the restaurant industry, specifically focusing on Shater Abbas chain restaurants. This research offers valuable insights for marketing managers in similar businesses seeking to enhance their marketing strategies and build stronger customer relationships. The findings suggest that companies should actively engage in social media marketing activities and encourage positive electronic word-of-mouth to stimulate purchase intention. Creating engaging content, responding promptly to customer feedback, and utilizing influencer marketing strategies can be beneficial in this regard. Moreover, investing in building a strong brand equity is crucial, as it can amplify the impact of digital marketing efforts and ultimately lead to increased customer loyalty and repeat purchases.

The results showed that the mixture of beeswax and carnauba have a synergistic effect in forming an oily-gel, in terms of physical and chemical properties.The sample of oleogel prepared from the ratio of 4:1 beeswax to carnauba wax was used as the desired oleogel inthe second part to replace cookie shortening.In general, this ratio made it possible to reduce the concentration of wax used without affecting the properties of the oleogel; that this led to a decrease in the mouthfeel of waxes; It can also be used up to 50% as an substitution to shortening in the preparation of cookies, which reduces the saturated fatty acid content in the final product.The results showed that the mixture of beeswax and carnauba have a synergistic effect in forming an oily-gel, in terms of physical and chemical properties.The sample of oleogel prepared from the ratio of 4:1 beeswax to carnauba wax was used as the desired oleogel in the second part to replace cookie shortening.In general, this ratio made it possible to reduce the concentration of wax used without affecting the properties of the oleogel; that this led to a decrease in the mouthfeel of waxes; It can also be used up to 50% as an substitution to shortening in the preparation of cookies, which reduces the saturated fatty acid content in the final product.

Dams play a key role in controlling floods and minimizing associated losses. They reduce downstream losses by lowering the flood peak and enable a safer flood stream. Despite the significant advantages of dams, dam failure may cause dramatic casualties and financial losses. Overtopping is a major dam failure that can be induced by one or more geophysical events, e.g., floods, landslides, earthquakes, and intense winds. Overtopping is particularly crucial for earth and aggregate dams as they are more likely to be destroyed due to the flow over the crest. Therefore, the overtopping risk evaluation of dams is important, and it is necessary to bring a trade-off between the reservoir level and overtopping risk.

The risk management of earth dams is complex since multiple factors are involved. System dynamics (SD) can be used to evaluate the effects of a set of complex, interrelated factors on the overtopping risk of dams under several scenarios. Floods and winds are the main causes of overtopping, with each being dependent on a number of variables. This paper used an SD model to evaluate the independent and combined effects of uncertainties with floods and winds of different return periods on the overtopping risk of the Vanyar Dam, Iran. This would help implement efficient measures to minimize the overtopping risk and maximize safety. To measure the effects of overtopping floods on the downstream of the dam, a hydraulic model was developed in HEC-RAS. The geometric parameters/data of the river and the non-steady stream data along with the initial and boundary conditions were introduced as inputs to the hydraulic model. The most critical scenario to identify the overtopping flood zone corresponded to the probable maximum flood (PMF), under which a broad area of the downstream lands would be flooded.

This study analyzed the overtopping risk of the Vanyar Dam, Iran, for different flood and wind return periods by modeling the dam reservoir through system dynamics (SD) under initial reservoir level and dam height uncertainties using the Monte Carlo method. The effects of floods and the combined effects of floods and winds on the overtopping risk were evaluated. The results demonstrated that the probable maximum flood (PMF) with a wind return period of 100 years under reservoir level and dam height uncertainties maximized the overtopping risk to 0.122931. The overtopping risk converged in 200,000 iterations. The analysis of the overtopping flood downstream of the dam showed that many villages and facilities would be completely flooded, and it is necessary to implement management measures, such as controlling the reservoir level, to minimize the overtopping risk.

Gastrointestinal (GI) mucositis is one of the serious side effects of methotrexate (MTX) treatment. It is known that oxidative stress plays an important role in drug-induced side effects.

The present study aimed to assess the effect of gallic acid (GA) against MTX-induced intestinal mucositis in male Wistar rats.

Twenty-eight adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 7), including (1) control group; (2) GA group (gallic acid: 30 mg/kg/day, orally); (3) MTX group [20 mg/kg, intra peritoneal (IP)]; and (4) (MTX + GA) group (MTX: 20 mg/kg, IP and gallic acid: 30 mg/kg/day, orally). Then amounts of malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), interleukin 2 (IL-2) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) were analyzed in serum samples and then the histopathological examinations of the duodenum and jejunum of animals groups.

The results showed that treatment with GA significantly reduced the MTX-induced elevation of serumMDA(P < 0.001), NO (P < 0.001), IL-2 (P < 0.001) and IL-6 (P < 0.001) contents and increased MTX-induced reduction in GSH (P < 0.001) content, GPx (P < 0.001) and SOD (P < 0.001) activity. In addition, the histopathological results showed that MTX leads to intestinal tissue damage, and gallic acid can remarkably improve the pathological changes.

Our results indicate that gallic acid can mitigate oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory parameters and also moderately prevent histopathological damage of the small intestine of rats exposed to MTX.

Different types of energy dissipators are used to reduce the excess kinetic flow energy downstream of the spillways. The flow characteristics of submerged jumps differ significantly from those of free jumps. It was observed that the mixing of the flow jet decreases with the increase in the submergence of hydraulic jumps. This leads to reduced energy dissipation compared to free jumps. Pressure fluctuations in energy-dissipator structures are caused by the fluctuating nature of hydraulic jumps, which are caused by strong eddies and water-air mixing. Therefore, the identification and measurement of hydrodynamic pressures on the bottom of stilling basins play a significant role in the design of the thickness of the bottom slab and the determination of effective forces. Most of the research have been carried out in the field of hydrodynamic pressures of free hydraulic jumps in stilling basins with rough bed downstream of sluice gates. However, few studies are found in the literature regarding the effect of chute blocks and the end sill of the stilling basin on the bottom pressure fluctuations downstream of the spillways for different values of the initial Froude number and the submergence ratio in hydraulic jumps. This research aims to understand the mechanism of pressure fluctuations and determine the coefficient of pressure fluctuations intensity (C'P) of hydraulic jump at the bottom of USBR Type I (smooth bed) and Type II stilling basins, including chute blocks and end sill, at the downstream of the spillway.In this paper, the C'P coefficient on the bottom of USBR stilling basins was evaluated based on the experimental data. Several experiments were carried out in the hydraulic laboratory flume of the University of Tabriz to collect data. The geometric dimensions of an Ogee spillway and stilling basins were designed based on USBR criteria. Based on this, the length of Type I (LI) and Type II (LII) basins for the maximum flow discharge (Qmax) was calculated as 200 and 125 cm, respectively. Experiments were performed at different flow discharges varying ratios of submergence (S=Yt/Y2) equal to 1 (for free jump), 1.05, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, and 1.4, respectively. The values of initial Froude numbers (Fr1) for different flow discharges were calculated in the range of 7.12 to 9.46. Therefore, in the present research, the range of relatively high values of Fr1 was investigated. Pressure transducers were used to measure fluctuating pressure data, which could record instantaneous pressure values at different times and provide the time series of pressure at for each pressure taps. The pressure transducers were calibrated for the pressure load range of ‒100 to +100 cm, and their nominal measurement accuracy is ±0.5%. The data acquisition frequency of the pressure transducers was 20 Hz, and the duration of data collection was 90 seconds for each pressure taps in each experiment. The number of pressure taps was equal to 25 points. Each pressure tap was connected to the corresponding pressure sensor using a hose with a diameter of 3 mm.The results showed that the maximum values of the CʹP coefficient occur in the initial zone of basins. In free jumps, CʹPmax values in the basinI were located in the range of 15 ≤ ΓX ≤ 20, and in the basinII in the range of ΓX ≤ 15. The variation trend of free jumps showed that in the zone of ΓX ≤ 10 of the basinI and basinII, CʹP coefficient values increase by 49% and 36% on average, respectively, by decreasing the Fr1 parameter. The rate of increase in CʹP coefficient values in free jumps with the reduction of the Fr1 parameter in the zone of ΓX > 10 in basinII was somewhat higher than basinI. In the upstream location of submerged jumps, the CʹP coefficient increased as the Fr1 parameter decreased. The increase of the CʹP coefficient with the decline of the Fr1 parameter in submerged jumps for the upstream zone of basinI and basinII was calculated to be equal to 7 and 4.8 percent, respectively. In the area of ΓX > 10 in the basinII, depending on the degree of submergence of the jump, the values of the coefficient CʹP ranged from 62 to 77% with the decrease of the Fr1 parameter. The variations of the CʹP coefficient in the downstream area of basinI were somewhat similar to basinII. The values of the CʹP coefficient in the upstream zone of the basins for higher Froude numbers were higher in submerged jumps than in free jumps. It seems that the turbulence intensity of submerged jumps in this zone was higher than free jumps. The results showed that the position of CʹPmax values of free jumps inside the basins is located in the zone of ΓXmax < 22 and ΓXmax < 16, respectively. The mean values of CʹPmax in free jumps of the basinI and basinII were achieved around 0.039 and 0.062, respectively. The reduction of CʹPmax in basinII compared to basinI in free jumps is 38% on average. The values of the CʹPmax coefficient decreased with the increase of Fr1 in free and submerged jumps. As the submergence ratio (S) increased, CʹPmax values decreased in different Froude numbers (Fr1). CʹPmax for the minimum Froude numbers had higher values in free jumps compared to submerged jumps.

The simulation of the rainfall-runoff process is a crucial step in water resources management, watershed management, water scarcity crisis, and flood control. The intrinsic complexity of the rainfall-runoff process, spatiotemporal variability, and the factors affecting it make the simulation with physical or hydrological models difficult. Therefore, metaheuristic approaches, such as support vector machines, gene expression programming, and artificial neural networks, have been widely used in hydrological studies, and generally, in the phenomena without definite relationships. Due to the provision of drinking, agricultural, and industrial water, the drainage basin of Aharchay, located in the northwest of Iran, has an influential role in the development of the region. This paper has evaluated the models of support vector machine, gene expression programming, and artificial neural networks for the simulation of the rainfall-runoff process in the drainage basin of Aharchay at the hydrometric stations of Tazeh Kand, Ravasjan, Oushdilaq, Barmis, Owrang, and Kasin. In order to determine the input combination of the models, a list of independent variables associated with the runoff of each station was prepared. Then the appropriate inputs were chosen using the two criteria of the Pearson correlation coefficient and partial mutual information. The input combinations obtained from each criterion were evaluated in the simulation of the rainfall-runoff of the Aharchay drainage basin in the hydrometer stations. The results indicated the reasonable accuracy of the models of support vector machine and gene expression programming, and the relative superiority of the artificial neural network. Moreover, in determining the input variables, the Pearson correlation coefficient provided the best results or was close to them.

Synthetic plastics are very versatile, convenient and abundant materials that can be used to create a variety of products, but their widespread use causes increasing damage to the planet and leads to the wastage of natural resources. Hence, researchers have made significant efforts to develop more biodegradable and environmentally friendly materials. Eco friendly and cost-effective renewable polysaccharides and their composites meet the requirements of green chemistry, and thus have been widely used for biodegradable food packaging applications. Renewable polysaccharides include cellulose, nanocellulose, hemicellulose, chitosan, starch, pectin, etc. In this review, the importance, application, performance, properties and characteristics of starch and cellulose and its derivatives for food packaging are discussed. Moreover, traditional and modern techniques for processing biodegradable materials based on starch and cellulose such as solution casting, extrusion, reactive extrusion, electrospinning and layer-by-layer self-assembly have been investigated and some additives have been examined to improve the performance and compensate the weak points.

The growing concerns about wasting natural resources and the increasing enviromental issues in the world due to the usage of petro-based materials, have led to the advent of bio-degeradable material usage for food packaging.Starch is one the most important polysaccharides which has been widely used for bio-degeradable-film production. the starch-based films are flexible and strong, but the presence of free hydroxyl groups in starch structure, is the reasonf for these films to be hydrophil and due to reduced mechanical strenght and low elasticity is limiting the usage of starch in packaging industries.The purpose of this study is to find ways to improve the properties of films composed of starch. In general, modification techniques, including plastic softners, co-polymers, nano-composites and mixing with other bio-polymers it is possible to modify the functional properties of starch to obtain better films from it. some of these favorable properties are: reducing moisture absorption, water vapour permiability, heat stability, increasing the hydrophobicity, etc. recently,   Non-thermal processes specially cold-plasma have been used for modifying the starch films with good results.

Evapotranspiration plays an imperative role in management of regional water resources, climate change and agricultural production. In this study efficiency of some data-driven techniques, including support vector machine (SVM), artificial neural networks (ANN) and its hybrid with wavelet transform (WANN), multi linear regression (MLR) and decision tree (DT) for predicting Evapotranspiration rates at Scottsbluff Station in Nebraska have been monitored. For this purpose, 5 meteorological parameters utilized as inputs for the models. Daily meteorological information, data used in this study, were between 2005 - 2013 years to train and test the models. In order to implement each of the models 8 scenarios were considered according to combination of input parameters. For evaluate performance of the studied techniques, three different statistical indices were used which included root mean square error (RMSE), correlation coefficient (R) and Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient (NSE). In addition, Taylor charts were used to test similarity between observation and prediction data. The results showed that at the Scottsbluff station, WANN8 (is the eighth scenario for the WANN model) according to the root mean square error (RMSE), correlation coefficient (R) and Nash-Sutcliffe equal to 0.097, 0.999 and 0.999 performed better than ANN, SVM, MLR and DT. The SVM and ANN models also showed excellent accuracy, and the DT and MLR models performed worse than the other models despite their acceptable accuracy. As a conclusion, the results of the present study were proved that WANN provides reasonable procedures for modeling Scottsbluff at the Scottsbluff station.

One of the most important issues facing the commanders, chiefs and managers of the police force of the Islamic Republic of Iran is maintaining order and security in society and preventing crimes. And without a proper model and strategy, it will not be achieved. Therefore; The present study aimed to identify and present a model of public participation in disciplinary management of crime prevention.

The present study is a quantitative (survey) research. The statistical population, including managers and senior experts of NAJA in the field of public participation and law enforcement management, are responsible for crime prevention, and the sample size of 220 people is estimated based on the Cochran's sample size formula. Random sampling method is classified. The research data were analyzed using Smart PLS software (confirmatory factor analysis test, t-significance test, Cronbach's alpha, hybrid reliability and convergent validity).

in this research, we show the results of confirmatory factor analysis and meaningful test t test; population and social participation model; 3 individual dimension individual; group and community; 7 elements (participation with intangible motivation; participation in information delivery; participation in information delivery; participation in information delivery; participation in public participation; public participation, participation, public participation

The police should participate in prevention in the form of a participatory and community-oriented approach and hold all citizens responsible for maintaining lasting order and security. A better interpretation of public participation in law enforcement management is crime prevention.

In recent decades, accurate modeling of runoff has always been one of the hottest topics for researchers in the field of hydrology, as it plays an important role in water resources management, hydropower development, urban planning, irrigation and other hydrological/meteorological activity programs. Concept-based and physical models require huge amounts of data and environmental calculations. The nonlinear nature of the rainfall-runoff process and the complexity of physical models are some of the reasons why researchers have turned to intelligent models. However, these models may not provide logical results for nonlinear hydrological processes. To overcome this shortcoming, nonlinear artificial neural networks (ANNs) have depicted a real success in predicting hydrological time series.

The usefulness of wavelet transforms in noise reduction and multi-resolution analysis along with the ability of ANNs to optimize and predict hydrological processes has recently been introduced as a neural network wavelet hybrid model (WANN) and is widely used by hydrologists not only for rainfall-runoff modeling. It has been used to simulate some other components of the hydrological cycle such as river flow, groundwater, precipitation and sediment. In this study, precipitation and discharge data on a monthly scale have been used. For modeling in this research, ANN and WANN have been used. Data were used for Sufi Chay Basin for period 2001-2019.

In this study, for modeling rainfall-runoff by neural network in MATLAB 2018 Software and investigating the effect of using wavelet transform on the accuracy of rainfall-runoff model has been done. First, the existence of autocorrelation and its significance in runoff data were investigated using the partial autocorrelation function (PACF). In the hybrid model, Daubechies mother wavelets 3 and 4 are used. Six scenarios were examined for modeling. Among the selected scenarios, scenarios 4 and 5 had the best results in comparison between the two models. The poor accuracy of the first three scenarios (Scenarios 1-3) indicates that using rainfall data alone are not sufficient to model runoff, thus employing the last monthly runoff data into the model made a significant change in the results. In the ANN model, scenario 4 has more acceptable results with correlation coefficient (r), square root mean square error (RMSE) and Nash Sutcliffe coefficient (NSE) of 0.889, 51.574 and 0.788, respectively for the training section, and 0.779, 70.625, and 0.595, respectively for the test section. In the hybrid model WANN, scenario 5 has the best results with the values of r, RMSE and NSE of 0.997, 23.99 and 0.954, respectively for the training section, and 0.829, 62.334 and 0.684, respectively for the test section.

In the present study, the performance of ANN and WANN models for rainfall-runoff modeling in Sufi Chay Basin using different parameters of rainfall and discharge delays during the statistical period (2001-2019) was evaluated. The highest accuracy of the models was provided in combining runoff input with a time delay and monthly precipitation. The purpose of this study is the effect of wavelet on increasing the accuracy of estimation in rainfall-runoff modeling. The results of the present study showed that the hybrid model will increase the accuracy of a model.

Dams are effective in controlling the flood and reducing its damage. But, during the flood, the overtopping and the flow of water from the dam is always threatening it. Therefore, in order to maintain the dam safety against flood and also to maintain the efficiency of the dam, it should be balanced between the water level in reservoir of dam and its overtopping risk. Using the system dynamics, a set of complex, relevant, and effective overtopping factors could be simulated to examine the impact of different scenarios. The current research investigated the effect of different parameters on the overtopping risk on Hajilarchay dam (Northwestern Iran) using the system dynamics and Monte Carlo simulations, and estimated the human losses caused by the dam failure using of 441 and 118 persons for two cases of without warning and adequate warning, respectively. The overtopping risk of 〖2.27×10〗^(-6) was calculated in accordance with the USACE method. Given this risk value, a reliable level for reservoir water is set to 1040.70 meters above sea level, and the agriculture area at the downstream is set 1660 hectares for development. The results also show that the overtopping risk will increase by increasing the life of the dam, especially after 20 years, due to accumulation of sediment and settlement of the dam, and considering too much increase in overtopping risk caused by the change of dam’s spillway in order to save the cost of its construction, then adaptation strategies are provided including reservoir water level control.

Risk assessment of structures, especially dams, has recently been one of the main topics that are considered by researchers. Risk analysis make possible to estimate uncertainties coming up from randomness of parameters in the models which are applicable in designing process. In this paper, different uncertainties along with flood and wind with various return periods segregated and simultaneously were exploited to mitigate the overtopping risk of Hajilarchay earth dam. To assess the risk in the proposed model, we used Monte-Carlo simulation (MCS) and Latin hypercube sampling (LHS) method with different iterations through system dynamics approach. The results proved the effectiveness of system dynamics approach on overtopping risk assessment for earth dams which showed the influences of different parameters on overtopping risk besides flood and wind. Furthermore, the results showed that opening the bottom outlet of Hajilarchay Dam may reduce the average overtopping risk as much as 9.20 and 4.10 percent due to just flood and due to flood and wind, respectively. In addition results showed that the average overtopping risk estimated from MCS method due to just flood and due to flood and wind were about 4.30 and 3.50 percent, respectively, more than that the results obtained by the LHS method. Also the reliability index obtained by the MCS method was higher than LHS method and MCS method has faster calculation in compare to the LHS. Finally, we can conclude that system dynamics approach along with MCS is a very effective tool to estimate the overtopping risk of earth dams.

The police organizations to make decisions and solve the security problems of the citizens of the scientific method and the four-step model called "Sara" is used. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the heads of police station in Tehran's decision-making process in the area of prevention, law enforcement, using the above model. The aim of the present study, functional and descriptive nature and conduct of the survey. Data collected through questionnaires distributed among 82 large heads of Kalantari in Tehran are all done. Through group interviews and expert opinions to determine the validity and reliability using Cronbach's alpha (867/0) were determined. The results showed that the heads of policce station in Tehran in the face of citizen security issues, the four-step process for identifying, analyzing, and evaluating response to their decisions, in which the diagnosis is "experience and information service, patrol officers report and comment on information hot spot points, the geography of crime and policing events experts "to analyze the issue of" statistics of frequency, time, location and geography of crime, job experiences, interviews with offenders and Victims of Crime. "In response measures" to increase the sense of security, operational, legal and ethical decision, thereby gaining time and cost, participation judicial system, features jurisdiction, increasing the cost of crime and the successful experiences of others. “Finally, to assess the decision: "Reduction of Crime Statistics and Evaluation residents feel safe jurisdiction" to consider and employ.

The prevalence of complete heart block in Setting of acute STE myocardial infarction is 3-12% which increases in-hospital death. This study aimed to evaluate the Prevalence and in-hospital course of complete heart block in patients with acute STE myocardial infarction. This study was performed as Case-series on patients admitted with complete heart block in the setting of acute STE myocardial infarction. Patients data was recorded and analyzed by SPSS 16 and meaningful level < 0.05 considered significant. Patients with acute STE myocardial infarction (1485 patients) were admitted. Their mean age was 61 years old and 995 patients (67%) were male. Fourty five patients (3.03%) complicated with complete heart block) 22 women (48/9%) and 23 men(51/1%) p=0.028). Mean age of the patients with complete heart block was 71 years old. The relation between age and sex with complete heart block was statistically significant (p<0.001 and p=0.028 respectively). Thirty seven cases (82%) of block resolved in the first five days. Many of complete heart blocks (80%) in the setting of acute STE myocardial infarction occured in acute inferior myocardial infarction and 82% of these cases resolved in the first five days so after this time the necessity of permanent pacemaker implantation had to be consideredAcknowledgment: This is no conflict of interest Acknowledgment: This is no conflict of interest

Background and Toxoplasma gondii is a protozoon with worldwide distribution. In spite of increasing information about its biology, treatment of toxoplasmosis is restricted to a few drugs and unfortunately using of each of drugs is associated with significant side effects in patients. It seems that investigation on alternative drugs is necessary. In case group, concentrations of 1, 5 and 10 µg/ml of ketotifen were prepared and added to RPMI (Roswell Park Memorial Institute) medium containing peritoneal macrophages. After 60 minutes, incubation and adding Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites to medium, the inhibitory rate of different concentrations of ketotifen on entrance of Toxoplasma tachyzoites into macrophages in 30 and 60 minutes were evaluated. Control group did not receive ketotifen. The best efficacy of ketotifen in inhibition of entrance of Toxoplasma tachyzoites into macrophages was observed in 10 µg/ml and in 60 minutes (72.90 ± 1.70) (P < 0.05). The findings of this research show that ketotifen is a suitable drug for inhibiting the entrance of Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites into nucleated cells in vitro.

Background and Zinc (Zn), copper (Cu) and iron (Fe) are essential minerals required for a variety of biomolecules to maintain the normal structure, function, and proliferation of cells. Abnormal metabolism of heavy metals can lead to several chronic pathogenesis. In this study, two new saccharin hydrazide derivatives were synthesized and their chelatory activities were evaluated. Acetic acid ethyl ester and propionic acid ethyl ester derivatives of saccharin were synthesized by the reaction of the starting materials (saccharin) with ethyl bromoacetate and ethyl bromopropionate under the reflux condition and using the dimethylformamide (DMF) as solvent. Ester compounds were stirred with hydrazine hydrate in ethanol and then the products were isolated. The desired hydrazide compounds were purified by thin layer chromatoghraphy. The ultraviolet (UV) spectra of hydrazide products in the absence and presence of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) were obtained in order to the analysis of chelating activity with Fe2+ and Fe3+, Zn, Cu and alluminium (Al). All products were determined by analytical methods [nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and infrared (IR) spectroscopy]. Crystallization method was used for purification of compounds. The reactions’ yields obtained 44 to 46%. Compounds showed good chelatory activites against Fe3+. In presence of EDTA, the reaction of complex production returned back to previous state which suggested less chelating power of the compound. Overall, saccharin derivatives had the ability to chelate Fe3+ more efficient than that of other metals.