f. barzegar

Gnosticism is a blended school and emphasizes on a series of general teachings such as authenticity of dualism and conflict of worldly objects, enlivenment and avoidance of matter, access to the Alevi world through knowledge (GNUS). Islamic mysticism, by combining some Gnostic propositions in the form of Eshraghi monotheism in contrast to numerical monotheism and extreme Sunniism and government, used it to stylize the Text and Islamic beliefs. Ayn al-Qudzat Hamedani, a reckless IranianIslamic mystic with knowledge of the Gnostic teachings and influenced by it, and by combining Manichean and Mandaean dialects and mediator thoughts, which in this article refers to neo-Platonic and Hermetic thoughts, sought to create a new reading of the holy text of Muslims with their Gnostics and mediator thoughts.

Our research methodology is based on library data and posteriology analysis based on the works of the old ones.

The main finding of this study emphasizes on the effect of Gnostic religions and Neo-Platonic and Hermetic philosophies on the Monocelal view and Islamic narratives of Ayn al-Qozzat by preserving its Islamic authenticity.

The answer to what new forms have been created in combination with the old intellectual species and the nature of new thoughts, especially in the intellectual system of Ayn al-Qozzat and its Islamic format, is one of the important results of this study

Heating, cooking and grilling of meat products form polar and non-polar heterocyclic aromatic amines as toxic compounds. The current study was carried out for the first time to assess polar and non-polar heterocyclic aromatic amines in grilled meats using two novel flat electromembrane and low-solvent microextraction and to compare these two techniques.

In this study, two efficient methods of low-density solvent and flat electromembrane extractions were used for the sample preparation. Affecting factors in extraction of heterocyclic aromatic amines were separately optimized. Moreover, merit figures of the two methods were calculated and compared with each other.

Value of each effecting factor in extraction were calculated for the two methods. Validation methods were carried out and results revealed high capability and validation of the two methods for the analysis of real samples. Recovery rates of higher than 90% for the two methods, detection limits of 0.2–1.7 and relative standard deviation of 3.5–8% verified use of the highlighted methods for real samples. Levels of heterocyclic aromatic amines were reported as not determined to 8 ng g-1.

Results of this study showed that the two microextraction methods included high sensitivity, accuracy and recovery to assess heterocyclic aromatic amines in meat products. Furthermore, volumes of the extraction solvents in the two techniques were small that were advantages of the suggested methods (green chemistry). In conclusion, the suggested methods include capabilities to assess heterocyclic aromatic amines in various heated red meat products.

 Self-control has been conceptualized in a number of ways but generally refers to the active regulation of one’s thoughts, feelings, and behavior. Theoretical and empirical work indicates that the ability to effective self-control has important and wide-ranging implications such as enacting positive behaviors that are conducive to longer-term goal attainment and inhibiting negative behaviors that undermine longer-term goal attainment. The study aimed to determine the effectiveness of self-control skills training on reducing problematic mobile phone use among male students of Farhangian University.

The method of the study was quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design. The population of the study consisted of all female students of Farhangian University of Sistan and Baluchestan province. The sample consisted of 60 individuals (30 in experimental group and 30 in control group) who had problematic mobile phone use and volunteered to participate in the experiment. The data gathering instrument was Genaro et al. scale of Cell-Phone Over-Use Scale (COS). This scale has no components. It has 21 questions on a 6-point Likert scale (never to forever). The sum of the scores of 21 questions determines the overall score of problematic mobile phone use. To implement the experimental design, first the Cell-Phone Over-Use Scale was implemented and after identifying the students who used Cell-Phone Over-Use, they participated in self-control skills training workshops.

 The results of the study showed that training self-control strategies on the problematic mobile phone use has a negative and significant effect on male students of Farhangian University of Zahedan. Also, there is a significant difference between the pre-test and the post-test for problematic mobile phone use in the follow-up group via the virtual network and the non-follow-up group via virtual network.

It can be concluded that the training of self-control strategies and follow-up through the virtual group for students at the University of Farhangian will help to reduce problematic mobile phone use and move towards the general use of mobile phone. The results also showed that pursuing self-control skills training through virtual networks makes the effects of these trainings affect the behavior of mobile phone use for a longer period of time. Due to the fact that Cell-Phone Over-Use can affect the educational and learning activities of university students, it is recommended to university officials, educational and research planners to teach self-control skills and follow this Consider consecutive instruction in short-term university curricula.One of the most important limitations of this study was the tendency of students to pretend at the initial diagnosis through a questionnaire that they do not Cell-Phone Over-Use. The results of this research are useful and practical for university research and educational experts, university professors and students and all university educational planners.    

Heterocyclic aromatic amines (HAAs) are carcinogenic and mutagenic substances, which are formed during the heating process of proteinaceous foods such as meat and meat products. The extraction of these compounds from the complex matrix of meat products was carried out by microwave assisted pre-extraction and a precise, rapid and high sensitive microextraction method. After the extraction process, the amount of HAAs in the samples was measured using a reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) coupled to a UV detector.

Optimization of effective parameters on the microextraction process of HAAs was carried out using one factor at a time procedure, which included the type and volume of extraction solvent, the type and volume of dispersive solvent salt, and pH. In order to validation of the proposed method, the merit figures of microextraction method were calculated. The amount of HAAs in several meat products from supermarkets and restaurants in Tehran was determined by the mentioned method.

The optimum amount of effective parameters on the microextraction efficiency was obtained using central composite design (CCD). The merit figures of the proposed method included the limited detection (LOD) and the relative standard deviation (RSD) (5.8-8.1 ng/g) and (2.5-3.1), respectively. The efficiency of the proposed method in real samples was illustrated.

The results proved that the proposed method had high ability to extract and measure the trace quantities of HAAs from the complex matrix of meat products.