javad divandari

Iranians have faced the problem of water shortage since ancient times, and this has caused great ideas in various fields of water extraction, storage, and transfer, such as reservoirs and Qanats. On the other hand, the high consumption of water for various purposes of drinking, agriculture, and industry has reduced the running and underground water resources. With the help of technology and science, new methods have been created to absorb water from air humidity. In one of these methods, obstacles are placed in the path of air movement, and when the air hits them, water molecules suspended in the air are absorbed and transferred to a specific tank. In this research, we investigated the process of absorbing water from air humidity, aiming to achieve the composition of the water extraction device with the help of architectural elements such as solar chimneys, towers, volume, and aspect of the building. Descriptive-analytical research methods and library studies (examination of similar samples in different regions of the world), related software (drawing, analysis), field surveys have been used, and villages that have the necessary capacity in terms of climate have been identified. The results show that The villages of Tehran's Firouzkoh region, including Amin Abad village, are suitable areas for extracting water from air humidity; because these areas are located on the southern slope of the Alborz mountain range and have characteristics such as humidity above 50%, the required direction and prevailing wind, sunlight, slope and suitable features of the land. These factors cause the production of fog in the valleys and create the ability to harvest water from the fog. The method of extracting water from the fog by three-dimensional water-absorbing fabric is proposed. By selecting and placing the device, architectural design in harmony with the specific features of the region, and the use of absorbent curtains with a high percentage of water absorption, the desired result can be achieved. The proposed method can provide water for the daily use of 8 selected residential units in this village without depending on water sources and energy generators.

The study of the rural situation in Iran shows that the sustainability of rural housing, which safeguards the survival of their inhabitants, has been affected by recent decades’ procedures and policies, in terms of their physical body, economies and culture. This has led to the threatening of rural life as well as environmental and human instability. This study has considered the yard and other open spaces of rural housing as important parts of life, in order to then explore the role of yards in the sustainability of rural housing. A survey is conducted in the villages around the city of Garmsar, collecting information through field observations and questionnaires, which is then described and analysed, with findings and analysed data going through factor analysis and one-way analysis of variance (One-way ANOVA). The results show that out of the nine identified factors, six are more influential. Livelihood and production, the physical factor in terms of area and percentage of unbuilt space, social adaptation factor and the yard function in interactions between residents and neighbours, environmental stability and adaptation factor in rural housing, are found to be most influential, both in traditional and rebuilt houses. On the other hand, the biological and residential factors of the yards in terms of constant life functions and fulfilling basic needs, and the service-comfort factors concerning daylighting and parking etc. have been most influential in contemporary houses.

Providing space security through visual access to the home is one of the most important components of life continuity in historical contexts. This component has a direct relation to the concept of quality and is affected by various social, economic, psychological, and physical factors. The present study, based on the space syntax technique and using UCL Dept hmap 10، software, has studied the visual accessibility of the interior spaces of residential buildings in the historical context of Bushehr. Explaining how to create visual access in the historic houses of Bushehr and the type of impact on improving security is the most important goal of this study. The research is qualitative and relies on analysis and gauging. For this purpose, first have been studied the visual access index and how it is related to security and in the field analysis section, the characteristics have been measured in eleven historic houses of Bushehr. Findings indicate that the visual access index in the interior spaces of the house, by being placed next to components, behaves differently compared to urban spaces. Based on the analysis of orientation diagrams, Bushehr historic houses are not very complex in terms of access hierarchy and their orientation diagrams are chained and access to the interior spaces of these houses is very easy. The results show that in shallow spaces, there is the highest amount of visual access and with the clustering of the explanatory chart, the depth of space increases, and the amount of visual access decreases. Also, with increasing visual access, the security of other spaces increases, and their accessibility decreases. As a result, the role of visual access changes according to the type of space use, and increasing this component in semi-private spaces will ensure the security of private spaces.

Cultural, social, economic changes and coercion of government institutions in order to create a new way of life and improve the living conditions of the villagers, has created changes in rural housing, so that the yard, which is an integral part of the rural house and part of its area, undergoes fundamental changes. Has been in its body and function. The present study, considering the role of the yard in rural life and with the aim of achieving the factors affecting its physical and functional changes, studies rural areas of Garmsar city. The type of applied research and study method is descriptive-analytical. Data collection was done through field observations, impressions, documents and library resources. Villages were selected in a purposeful and non-random manner and the sample size was 5% of the statistical population and randomly. Data analysis was performed with SPSS software and Factor Analysis to classify the physical and functional factors of the yard. Then, one-way analysis of variance (One-Way Anova) describes and analyzes the information. The results show that among the 4 factors identified in the physical changes of the yard, 2 factors related to diversity and flexibility and the other pure yard, has a significant relationship between traditional and contemporary buildings and is most effective at home. Have traditional and renovated. In other words, there is a hierarchy in the construction of the yard in rural housing, which in the new rural housing, the diversity and connection with the interior space (net yard) in the rural house is also reduced. In this research, the open space is a part of the yard that includes the essentials of rural life and does not include only unbuilt spaces.The results of functional changes also show that among the three identified components, only the factor related to biological function has a significant relationship And the function of spaces such as: toilets, equipment warehouses, kitchens, entrances and terraces in the courtyards of old houses and reconstruction have a more effective role than the courtyards of contemporary homes.

Indoor skylights or patios are considered one of the pervasive spaces in Tehran's residential buildings. Patios play a significant role in modifying the climatic conditions and bringing the environment closer to humane conditions with a passive approach, thereby reducing energy consumption. The environmental benefits of these spaces were raised as a new response to the energy consumption of buildings after the energy crisis of the 1970s and since then, atrium spaces have been used in modern architecture. Research shows that the climatic performance of skylights is different from and affected by the surrounding conditions and they reduce the need for cooling, heating and mechanical ventilation. On the other hand, they reduce relative humidity, particularly in winter. The purpose of this paper is to obtain the temperature conditions, WBGT (Wet Bulb Globe Temperature), relative humidity of skylights, and its effect on comfort achievement. For this purpose, a skylight of a roofed five-storey residential building in the north of Tehran with plants and injection of pool moisture into the central skylight space. This is a field work in which simulation was done with indoor skylights with cover, water and plants and indoor skylights with the cover but without water and plants. Field measurements were done by temperature and humidity data loggers, and WBGT device in summer and winter for four and five consecutive days, respectively.  In order to record the air temperature in different layers of the patio, three data loggers were installed on the odd floors of the building and a data logger was installed on the roof of the building in the shadow to collect local temperature data every 30 minutes. Then, the building was simulated using the DesignBuilder software and after the results and graphs were obtained, a comparative analysis of the samples was performed and the validity of the simulation results was proved. The results show that the skylights roofed with the plant and injection of the moisture content of the ponds caused a moderate climatic condition in the skylight space, reducing the air temperature to 4° C in the warm season and increasing it to 11.7° C in the cold season. By closing the pool door several times during the field measurements in winter, it was found that the temperature difference in the patio floors increased after the removal of the pool moisture from the skylight. In addition to reducing humidity, the moisture stratification in the floors changed and the humidity decreased from the first to fifth floors. As the skylights were roofed, sunny or cloudy weather conditions in the cold season had little effect (on average 0.5° C) on the internal temperature of the patio. A comparison of the results of simulation and field studies showed that the removal of plant and pool moisture led to an increase in the temperature difference in the skylight. Examining the WBGT index also showed that the fifth-floor patio will be in the caution heat zone during the daytime maximum temperature and will be in the extreme caution zone in the middle of summer.

Event tourism is one of the newest types of tourism that is rapidly expanding around the world. Such as these can be festivals of migration and native villages noted. The village of Seif Abad capable of taking advantage of natural resources and attractions nomadic and rural a good place to attract tourism event is. However attraction has caused need and
necessity check the presence of tourists in the village and maintain lifestyle migration off-based tourism event feel. The question arises this is how can be based on events area attract tourists
action be? By conducting field surveys, and using the SWOT model, we have tried to provide appropriate suggestions and strategies for the development of event tourism in this area. The findings suggest that traditional attractions and village events and peripheral attractions such as climbing and natural landscapes and nomad settlements are effective in attracting tourists . The results of this study showed that the village of Seif Abad, due to having diverse and attractive events such as nomadic traditions and customs, has a lot of capacities to host nomadic festivals and their events in order to develop tourism in the region.

‎In simple terms‎, ‎architecture and music are two very different things‎, ‎which is the product of one set of materials in the form of one building and the other product is a set of sounds in the form of a song and melody‎. ‎In this sense‎, ‎architecture and music are two separate issues that are not similar‎. ‎But with a little care in the hidden layer of music and architecture we can find amazing similarities‎. ‎Finding the structural‎, ‎quantitative and qualitative similarities between architecture and music is the focus of this article‎. ‎Achieving a qualitative and quantitative correlation between these two arts can be a way to aesthetically improve architecture and achieve its healing principles‎. ‎Therefore‎, ‎the main purpose of this study is the understanding of the immediate beauty of music in mind and the application of its aesthetic elements in architecture‎. ‎The research method is descriptive-analytical study of library documents and case studies‎. ‎In this article‎, ‎first‎, ‎the definitions and the general structure of music and architecture are presented‎, ‎then the results of the studies are introduced in the form of qualitative and quantitative adaptive tables‎. ‎Finally‎, ‎by analyzing data‎, ‎the common structure of music and architecture is determined‎.

Position is a part of space whose identity is defined based on the features of on which it is located and it is a space that is meaningful for a person or some people. Regarding the houses with historical identity and revival of them which are symbolic phenomena is essential. The question raised up here is how the process and humane conformist activities with constructive body are recognized and applied in relation to the distinctive features and conditions of each and every set and how the entire totality case is made in relation to the convergence between the elements of a historical building. According to what has been mentioned, the main purpose of this study is noting the revival of historical houses as a place and the case study is Molasadra historical house in Kahak, Qom. The main perspective of the authors of this article is a case study in which it is attempted to collect the data by means of historical interpretive method to make a better understanding of Molasadra house and its potential capabilities based on the Canter's possibility model that necessitates the three elements of meaning, activity and body to identify a place and define adaptive applicatory features with the meanings of historical building. In this regard, a suitable application for the set is made and the results under the title of knowledge and philosophy school of thought show that this applicatory does not make a new meaning but adapts with the meaning of the building and is in the heart of the historical city of Kahak as a judicial center for Qom.

All children are born in pure and perfectionist nature. In fact, training and attitude of their family and community makes people courageous and decent or faded and indecent. The opinion of many education professionals is that the human person is formed in the first six years of his life. Given that the human spirit is flexible at the time of childhood, and as the human becomes larger, its flexibility reduces, it should be child development fields provided. Due to the significant impact the environment as one of the factors affecting child development, Especially the impact of architectural space In improving physical and motor abilities and Also, children's mental, emotional and social development, In order to design a space that meets the needs of children, we need to know the exact characteristics of the child's development. Since the teachings of Islam are the guide to the development of human perfections and this guidance guide addresses all aspects of human existence and life, Here is the question that the Islamic thought of what solutions are offered on a child's development environment. Given the changing pattern of traditional family life in recent decades, pre-primary education spaces are emerging as a real need, and we should recognize that the characteristics of a suitable kindergarten for the development of a child are based on Islamic teachings. The purpose of this article is to provide Islamic principles and patterns for the design of kindergartens. In this article, we tried to use the Islamic approach and the concept of growth from the viewpoint of Martyr Motahari and Ibn Sina, With the method of logical reasoning and interpretation and analysis of the principles, goals, and educational methods of them, to conclude the components and environmental qualities of appropriate place for the child's development. And Ultimately, the principles for designing the child's space in accordance with these qualities and conditions are extracted. The main goal of development from the view of Islam and the Quran, as well as muslim scholars, is divine proximity and succession that is considered as the ultimate goal of Islamic education, and education provides the path to the goal of growth. Given the ultimate goal of man, to reach the path of development, muslim scholars explained goals, principles and methods. Among those, there are some things that can be effective in the quality of the place (here's a kindergarten), In this study, the quality and environmental factors enumerated. For example, according to the principle of "group training" as one of the educational principles of Ibn Sina, it is possible to use game-based learning methods that allow participation in group activities. Therefore, it is necessary to create a child's develope field by creating flexible spaces with dimensions and shapes and suitable furniture for forming small and large groups. In the field of architecture, in order to realize these environmental qualities, we need methods and tools, for this purpose, we have outlined the principles of designing the physical environment in various fields (Physical planning, materials, interior design, etc.). In fact, the experience of each person in their lives and the skills they acquire is related to the environmental conditions and the result of the interaction between the person and the environment in which he lives. The design of special spaces for children such as kindergartens is important because during these years the child is more affected by the environment, While most of these spaces in Iran are not suitable for children. The physical environment with its elements such as color, texture, bright shadow, light, sound, form, etc., creates different spatial qualities and affects the child's body and mind. In this way, in accordance with the environmental factors include principles such as spacious and massive spaces, create outdoor amphitheater and use U-shaped center-shaped forms for furnitures outdoor and indoor . It can be said that kindergarten in Islamic thought is a place for child's developement in the direction of divine proximity. Obviously, human and environmental factors are effective in the child's development, therefore, by interpreting and analyzing the goals, principles and methods of Islamic education, we highlight the environmental qualities that are effective in develope, and thus we have introdused principles for architectural designing kindergarten.
Given the relationship between man and himself, God, society and nature, these principles can be summarized as follows:1- Relationship between child and himself:- A space for child privacy, such as under stairs or small cottages.
2- Relationship between child and god:- Laying coach' prayer room exposed to the children's View.
3- Relationship between child and society:- Shared dining for children and coaches and parents.
- Social spaces for group play and training.
4- Relationship between child and nature:- Use natural materials.
- Create wide openings at the child's eyes.mentioned, we draw the principles for
designing the child's environment for the purpose of his development. For example above, we can