mohammad ahmadpour

Food and nutrition literacy has become increasingly important in food and nutrition research in recent years and is considered a key factor in population health and complex public health problems. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the status of nutrition literacy of 10-12-year-old Kurdish children in Kurdistan province in western Iran. In this cross-sectional study, data were collected using a food and nutrition literacy tool. In 2022, based on targeted cluster sampling, primary school students were used. The total number of samples was 390 (male=195 and female=195). The same number of people from grades 4,5, 6 were randomly selected from 52 elementary schools. A total of 10 schools were selected from north, south, east, west and center of Baneh city in Kurdistan province, half of them were boys and half were girls. Among the seven areas of food and nutrition literacy, the highest score was related to the area of knowledge of healthy eating (84.5) and the lowest score was related to the area of nutrition label literacy (26.9). About 10% in the cognitive field and about 33% in the skill field had low food and nutrition literacy. The results of this study show the gap between the knowledge and skill areas of food and nutritional literacy levels at young ages, that is, although the level of literacy and nutrition of children is relatively favorable in the field of knowledge, it is not suitable in the field of skills.

Many cytokines are crucial drivers of cancers and autoimmune conditions. These proteins bind to receptors and signal their responses through Janus kinase (JAK) and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathways. Genetic variations in the JAK–STAT pathway are correlated with the increased risk of cancers, autoimmunity as well as inflammatory diseases. Targeting JAKs and STATs can be a safe and efficacious strategy for treating these diseases. Tofacitinib, as the first JAK inhibitor, is approved for rheumatoid arthritis therapy. Also, many other JAK inhibitors have been proven or are in various phases of clinical trials for various diseases. At present, small‐molecule JAK inhibitors are considered as a novel category of drugs in the treatment of cancer and immune‐mediated diseases.

Addiction destroys lifestyles and affects individuals, family,and society. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between resilience, locus of control, and emotional intelligence in opium addicts.Recognizing the weaknesses of this group helps them to recover and can provide preventive strategies for society. A total of 40 male opium addicts were selected by convenience sampling from Ibn-e-Sina Center in Shiraz. Rotter, Shrink, Connor-Davidson,and demographic questionnaires were used in this cross-sectional study, and Pearson’s test was used to obtain the correlation coefficient. Less resilient people reported more relapses after quitting (r=-0.424,P=0.006). People with higher social awareness used psychological therapies to liberate themselves from addiction (r=0.337, P=0.033). Longer addiction was reported among people who consumed opium more frequently during the day (r=0.433, P=0.005). Greater frequency of daily consumption and more years of consumption had a positive relationship with increasing the number of quits and relapses (r=0.323, P=0.042; r=0.362, P=0.022). Addiction treatment centers should evaluate and improve the levels of resilience, emotional intelligence, and type of locus of control in addicts. Most of the participants started their addiction out of curiosity between the ages of 20 and 25 years. The media and policymakers are recommended to play a vital role in raising social awareness and clarifying the devastating consequences of opium addiction. Most of the participants were unemployed and needed money for more treatments. Therefore, it is advisable that rehabilitation centers use occupational therapists for pre-vocational and vocational rehabilitation programs in the treatment process.

Test anxiety is one of the most critical concerns of the education system. Spiritual intelligence is a collection of individual capacities about spiritual resources. Due to the importance of spiritual intelligence on test anxiety and studentschr('39') mutual success and academic achievement, this study aimed to determine the relationship between spiritual intelligence and test anxiety in North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences students.

The present study is a cross-sectional analytical study investigating the relationship between spiritual intelligence and test anxiety in 435 students of North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences in 2017-18. The subjects were selected by multistage sampling (stratified and systematic random sampling). Data were collected by Kingchr('39')s standardized questionnaire of spiritual intelligence and Sarason test anxiety. Data were analyzed by SPSS 20software using t-test, Analysis of variance, and Pearson correlation test.

The subjectschr('39') mean age was 21.57 ± 3.57 years, and 308 (70.8%) of the issues were female. The mean score of studentschr('39') spiritual intelligence was ± 45.82 13.9, and the mean score of exam anxiety was 15.7± 6.07. The results showed a significant and inverse relationship between test anxiety and total spiritual intelligence score. There was a substantial and inverse relationship between spiritual intelligence dimensions, the dimension of critical existential thinking, and personal meaning production with exam anxiety (P-value < 0.001).

According to the results of this study, recognizing the inverse relationship between spiritual intelligence and students chr('39')test anxiety can provide a basis for promoting spiritual intelligence and reducing studentschr('39') stress.

Lack of attention to mental health is one of the important factors in reducing efficiency, loss of manpower and physical and psychological complications, especially in professional services. The purpose of this study was to determine the mental health status of Salah al-Din Ayubi Baneh hospital, which examines the four dimensions of mental health. This is a cross-sectional study. The research population consisted of personnel working in Salah al-Din Ayubi Hospital in Baneh at 2016. Sixty-six people were selected by stratified random sampling method. Data were collected using General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) and analyzed using SPSS19 software. In this study, the prevalence of mental disorders among staff was 29.4%. The mental health status of physical aspect, social function, anxiety and depression were 7.4%, 3.07%, 12.4% and 1.5%, respectively. There was no statistically significant relationship between the variables used in this study (age, sex, marital status, occupational status, field of study and number of children) with psychological disorders (p> 0.05). The findings of this study showed that mental disorders among hospital staff are highly prevalent. Therefore, more attention is needed from authorities and researchers to develop mental health programs through interventional programs.

Iron deficiency is the most prevalent nutritional problem and one of the main reasons of anemia especially in girls. This study was designed to determine the effect of combined educational inference based on HBM model about preventing iron deficiency anemia on the enhancement of knowledge, attitude and behavior of high school girls in the Faridan city of Isfahan province.
This quasi experiential study was conducted on 128 high school girls (divided into 64 cases and 64 controls) that was selected by the cluster random sampling method in 2015. The instrument of data collecting was a researcher-made questionnaire including demographic, knowledge, attitude, and behavior questions based on HBM model. The data were analyzed using SPSS software version16.0 software.
The mean age of intervention and control groups were 16.3± 0.81 and 16.3± 0.66, respectively. The knowledge, attitude and behavior of control and intervention groups had no significant difference before the education (P>0.001). But three months after the education, the mean score of knowledge, perceived susceptibility, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, perceived severity, perceived self-efficacy, cues to action and performance had significant difference (PResults of this research indicated that the education based on HBM model is effective on the enhancement of knowledge, attitude and behavior of students in the field of preventing iron deficiency anemia. So this pattern can be used as a framework for designing and performing education interventions to prevent iron deficiency anemia among high school girls.

In recent years, the prevalence of overweight and obesity had a significant growth in children. Obesity is a serious health problem all over the world. In this study, we aimed to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity in elementary students in Robat-Karim, Iran in 2014.
This cross-sectional study was conducted on 490 female students of elementary school aged between 7 to 11 years in Robat-Karim, Iran in 2014. The percentages of Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention growth charts (CDC) have been utilized to determine overweight and obesity. SPSS-16 software has been applied for statistical analysis.
Results Mean age of the students was 8.97 1.38 years. According to CDC, 28 (5.7%) of the students were obese, and 75 (5.78%) of the students were overweight. Overweight and obesity were significantly related with birth weight, body mass index(BMI) of parents, and time spent for watching TV, computer games and other electronic entertainments (P According to obtained results, interventional programs should be done to correct life-style and prevent overweight and obesity among elementary school students.

The purpose of the present study was to assess the efficiency of ultrasound/hydrogen peroxide processes and ultrasound/hydrogen peroxide/ZnO nanoparticles in the removal of blue cat 41 dye from aqueous solutions.
ZnO nanoparticles were prepared using the hydrothermal method. Variables including pH, concentration of ZnO nanoparticles, initial dye concentration, concentration of hydrogen peroxide, and contact time were investigated.
H2O2 alone is not effective in dye removal. In conditions of H2O2 = 20 mg/L and US = 30 kHz, removal efficiency rates of 6.5%, 23.5%, 30%, 51.8%, and 55%, respectively, were obtained. The maximum removal efficiency rate was obtained at the nanoparticle concentration of 3 g/l. Also, removal efficiency was reduced when the initial dye concentration was increased.
The combination of nanoparticles and US and H2O2 is very effective in removing blue cat 41 dye. As a result, photo catalytic processes can be considered to effectively remove environmental pollutants.

Consumption of bottled waters has received popularity and more acceptances. Fluoride is necessary for human life. But high levels of fluoride can cause some problems for human health such as Fluorosis and teeth and bones problems. The aim of this study is measure the fluoride content in bottled waters consumed in North West of Iran and comparison with the amount listed on their labels and with the drinking water standards. In this study, 10 brands of bottled water were sampled from markets over the two seasons randomly. Samples were analyzed for fluoride using Ion Chromatography (IC) method. Results showed that fluoride concentration in different brands had a significant difference (P <0.05). The concentration of fluoride in samples ranged between 0.04 and 0.32 mg/L. Among analyzed selected brands four brands were observed significant differences with the measured values. Totally the measured values didn’t match with the values declared on the labels (Reliability coefficient <0). It was revealed that fluoride concentration in all brands was less than the lower range of Iranian national standard (0.7-1.2 mg/lit).

The wire drawing process is extensively used in manufacturing components such as rivet, screw, welding wire, etc. In this work, an analytical of the wire drawing process has been considered for two-stage operation. ABAQUS commercial Finite Element code has been used to obtained the drawing force. Then, The analytical and experimental results been compared. The results show a good agreement for copper.