mohammad darzi

Oppositional defiant is a common disorder in childhood and adolescence, and affected people face problems in the field of mental health, and social-emotional skills. Considering the importance of this issue, the present study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of self-compassion training in reducing the symptoms of oppositional defiant disorder in adolescents. The present study used the quasi-experimental method with pre-test and post-test with a control group. The statistical population of this study consisted of all male students with oppositional defiant disorder who were studying in the high school of Boin Zahra City in the academic year 2022-2023. The sampling method was purposive Sampling. The sample size of the study, based on the experimental research, included 30 randomly placed in two experimental groups (15 people) and a control group (15 people). The experimental group received 8 sessions of compassion training as a group, 90 minutes once a week, and the control group did not receive any training. The instruments used in this study were clinical interviews based on Dsm-5, the oppositional defiant disorder scale Hommersen & et al (2006), and an educational package of Self-compassion training based on the book Compassion-Focused Therapy (Gilbert, 2010). Data analysis was done using univariate analysis of covariance tests. The results showed that self-compassion Training leads to a decrease in reduction in the symptoms of oppositional defiant disorder in adolescents (p<0/05). Therefore, according to the findings, self-compassion training with a compassionate approach to life can be an efficient treatment to reduce confrontational behavior in adolescents. Consequently, it is suggested to consider this intervention's role in improving these adolescents' mental health.

This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of self-compassion training on social-emotional learning in adolescents with oppositional defiant disorder. The present study was performed using the quasi-experimental method with pre-test and post-test with a control group. The statistical population of this study consisted of all male students with oppositional defiant disorder who were studying in the high school of Boin Zahra City in the academic year 2022-2023. The sampling method was purposive Sampling. The sample size of the study, based on the experimental research, included 30 randomly placed in two experimental groups (15 people) and a control group (15 people). The experimental group received 8 sessions of compassion training as a group, 90 minutes once a week, and the control group did not receive any training. The instruments used in this study were clinical interviews based on Dsm-5, the social-emotional learning Questionnaire Coryne & et al (2009), the oppositional defiant disorder scale Hommersen & et al (2006), and an educational package of the Self-compassion training based on the book Compassion-Focused Therapy (Gilbert, 2010). Data analysis was done using Multivariate analysis of covariance tests. The study found that self-compassion training leads to increased social-emotional learning and the sub-scales of task articulation, peer relationships, and self-regulation in adolescents with oppositional defiant disorder. Based on the findings, self-compassion training can increase social-emotional learning in adolescents with oppositional defiant disorder by providing a compassionate approach to life. Therefore, it is suggested to consider this intervention's role in improving these adolescents' mental health.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of self-compassion training on cognitive emotion regulation and fear of intimacy in adolescents with oppositional defiant disorder. The semi-experimental study employed a pre-test and post-test with the control group design. The statistical population of this study consisted of all male students diagnosed with oppositional defiant disorder studying in high school of Boin Zahra City in the academic year 2022-2023. The sample size of the study, based on previous experimental research, included 30 people who randomly placed in two experimental groups (15 people) and a control group (15 people). The experimental group received training in 8 sessions of 90 minutes once a week and the control group received no training. The instruments used in this study were clinical interviews based on Dsm-5 criteria, the cognitive Emoting Regulation Questionnaire (Garnefski & Kraaij, 2006), the Fear of Intimacy Questionnaire (Descutner & Thelen, 1991), and the Oppositional defiant disorder scale (Hommersen et al., 2006). Data analysis conducted using Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA). The results showed that self-compassion training leads to an increase in adaptive strategies of cognitive emotion regulation, a decrease in maladaptive strategies for cognitive emotion regulation, and a decrease in fear of intimacy in adolescents with oppositional defiant disorder (p<0/05). Therefore, self-compassion training can used to improve cognitive emotion regulation and reduce fear of intimacy in adolescents with oppositional defiant disorder.

The present study aimed to compare the self-efficacy, achievement motivation and Adaptive Behavior among single-grade and multi-grade students in elementary schools. The statistical population of the study encompasses the elementary fifth- and sixth-grade students of Buein-Zahra city in the 2019-2020 academic year. 118 multi-grade and 202 single-grade students were selected using stratified sampling method. study instruments consisted of self-efficacy questionnaire (Sherer and others, 1982), Achievement motivation (Hermans, 1970) and Adaptive behavior (Lambert, 1974). The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistical methods (measures of central tendency and dispersion) and inferential statistical methods (MANOVA). The results showed that although the self-efficacy of single-grade students are higher than that of multi-grade students, but this difference is not significant. Also, the single-grade students possess the higher scores in the achievement motivation, and the multi-grade students have more Adaptive behavior. Therefore, paying attention to the characteristics of the classes could be effective in the multi-faced advancement of the students.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between school bonding ; social competence and students’ bullying through the mediating role of empathy. It was conducted by a comparitive method . The study population was  male and female high school students in Buinzahra city in the academic year of 2019-2020. Using multy stage random cluster method 274 students were selected.They were assess by . The research instruments were Illinois Bullying Questionnaire (2001), Jantila et al. Social Competence Self-Report Scale (2006), Springer et al. Student Relationship Scale (2009), and Richard et al. Empathy Scale (2017). The hypothetical model of the research was tested by path analysis using Lisrel 8.50 software. Findings indicated that school bonding, social competence, and empathy had direct effect on bullying. Moreover, social competence had direct effect on empathy, and indirect effect on bullying through empathy. Besides, school bonding had no direct effect on empathy. However, the results showed that the proposed model had goodness of fit. Conseqoently , it is suggested that in designing and implementing student bullying reduction programs, in addition to teaching empathy to the students, paying attention to the development of their social competence and school bonding are considered necessary.

HER2-enriched subtype of breast cancer has a worse prognosis than luminal subtypes. Recently, the discovery of targeted therapies in other groups of breast cancer has increased patient survival. The aim of this study was to identify genes that affect the overall survival of this group of patients based on a systems biology approach.

Gene expression data and clinical information on 58 patients with HER2-enriched cancer were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Co-expression modules were identified using the weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). The Cox regression was used to determine the modules that had a significant relationship with the overall survival (OS) endpoint. Single-gene survival analysis was performed within the selected module. Finally, functional annotation to explore the significance of genes was performed using the Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery (DAVID).

Of the six identified co-expression modules, two had significantly poor prognoses. Single-gene survival analysis showed that 39% of genes in the selected modules were identified as significant. The genes were mainly related to the biological pathways such as Ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis and RNA degradation. CHAMP1, PPP1R26, PRRC2B, KANSL3, and ANAPC2 were identified as the 5 most important genes associated with reduced OS, in order of significance.

The systems biology approach can provide appropriate results relate to patient survival analysis. In this study, some genes were identified to be used as prognostic biomarkers in experimental studies related to the OS in the HER2-enriched subgroup. These genes can be considered potential candidates for therapeutic targets in this group of patients.

Foreign body insertion in the urethra and bladder are relatively rare. These patients usually insert foreign body in urethra for eroticism, inquisitiveness, or as a consequence of disinhibited or disturbed behavior.

Herein, we report a case of 41-year-old man presented with weak stream and suprapubic pain. Due to incontinence, he instilled superglue into his urethra. On perineal examination, a foreign body was palpable in the penile urethra. A 10 cm dried superglue block got out with incision of glance.

Urethral foreign bodies are mostly found by Physical examination and clinical history. Although imaging modalities are commonly used for FBs detection, the necessity of imaging modalities are still controversy.

Breast Cancer is one of the common cancers in Iran. Each Prediagnosis of that can survive women from different risks. The aim of this research is classifying imbalanced dataset for detecting normal vs. abnormal women who came to ACECR Breast Cancer Clinic. Imbalanced datasets are one of the main challenges for designing medical decision support system. So, in this article, imbalanced data classification was addressed via data level solutions.
In this research for classifying of 918 women’ breast situation, the “AdaBoost.M1”, “K-nearest neighbor”, and “probabilistic neural network” as triple algorithms were used. Because of facing with imbalanced dataset, for solving that, “random over sampling”, “Random under sampling”, and “Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique” were used as 3 re-sampling methods. So, Mat lab and R as software tools were used for implementing of methods and algorithms. Also, the values of 60 features that extracted from women’s historical and physical exam forms were used as input data in triple algorithms. Finally, “precision” and “F-Measure” as two criteria were used for evaluating in test state of triple algorithms.
Based on “precision” and “F-Measure” as two useful criteria, the best performance of this research’s classification algorithms were through dataset that generated by Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique. So, the performance of “AdaBoost.M1”, “K-nearest neighbor”, and “probabilistic neural network” for classification of that dataset based on “precision” and “F-Measure” were “93.5,93.6”, “79.5,87.7”,and “86,91.9”respectively.
There are different methods for solving imbalanced datasets problem through classification of that. Re-Sampling is one of the popular data level methods. Through 3 re-sampling methods, the best classification algorithm performance belongs datasets that generated by “Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique”, So among triple algorithms and four datasets that were used in this research and the based on “precision” and “F-Measure”, AdaBoost.M1 had the best performance in classification.