mostafa jafarizaveh

Carpentry workshops present numerous hazards that pose significant risks to worker health and safety. Despite the substantial workforce in micro-scale workshops, these environments have received limited research attention. This study aims to identify and assess the risks associated with hazards in a selected carpentry workshop within a wire industry setting.

Utilizing the Job Safety Analysis (JSA) method for hazard identification, we delineated the primary tasks performed by carpenters and outlined their respective steps. The AS/NZS 4360:2004 standard was employed to evaluate risk levels.

Our findings revealed that, under the current conditions, 14.3% of identified hazards had a risk priority number of 4, indicating a high risk; 61.9% had a risk priority number of 3, representing intermediate risk; and 23.8% had a risk priority number of 2, signifying low risk. Among the identified hazards, awkward postures accounted for the highest Relative Frequency at 19.04%, followed by falling wood at 14.28%.

Based on the findings, implementing appropriate policies, adequate supervision, and adherence to legal requirements were recommended to enhance safety and health. Ergonomic principles and load-carrying techniques in carpentry practices are crucial for mitigating risks in these workshops.

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are hazardous toxic pollutants in the air, which are released from various industrial sources. Due to the adverse effects of xylene on health, the effective removal of VOCs from the air by nano sorbents is crucial. In this study, nanographene (NG) and nanographene oxide (NGO) were used as adsorbents to investigate the efficiency of xylene removal.

In this study, in order to investigate the absorption efficiency of nanographene and nanographene oxide after the synthesis of nano absorbents in a dynamic system, xylene vapor was produced in a chamber in pure air and stored in a Tedlar sampling bag and then transferred to the adsorbent. Subsequently, the effect of various parameters such as xylene concentration, inlet air flow rate, and absorbent mass values at 32% humidity and 25°C temperature on the absorption rate and performance of the desired absorbents was investigated. Finally, the gas chromatographic flame ion detector (GC-FID) determined the concentration of xylene in air after the adsorption-desorption process.

The average adsorption efficiencies for NG and NGO were found to be 96.8% and 17.5%, respectively. The characteristics of the NG and NGO adsorbents indicated that the particle size range was less than 100 nanometers.

The results demonstrated that the adsorption efficiency of NG for the removal of xylene from the air is higher than that of NGO. The GC-MS method validated the proposed approach in real air samples.

Bakery workers, Beacause of their nature, are at risk of musculoskeletal disorders caused by ergonomic factors. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the biomechanical risk factors for musculoskeletal disorders in bakery workers.

In the current study, all tasks of sangak, taftoon, and lavash bakery in Gonabad were selected based on the census method. Next, Hierarchical Task Analysis (HTA) method was used for task analysis, and the job was degraded to tasks, actions, and movements. For the following step, the ART and OCRA method was implemented to identify common risk factors in repetitive tasks that can contribute to developing musculoskeletal disorders of upper limbs. Analysis of the results in this study was performed using SPSS 17.

According to the results study, the ART and OCRA index score for shater and chonegir tasks for all three kinds of bakeries is at high risk (red zone). In ART index score of arm movements, repetition, force, head/neck posture, and back posture for shater and choonegir task in lavash and taftoon bakery and shater task in sangak bakery is in its maximum levels. This reflects the level of red risk and indicates that in these tasks, fast arm movements, repetition, force, head/neck posture, and back posture are recognized as major occupational risk factors in these tasks.

The results showed that the risk of musculoskeletal disorders owing to repetitive tasks is relatively high in the bakery and ergonomic interventions are required to redesign the job. This study shows the use of the ART method as a practical, applicable, easy, and convenient method for evaluation and ergonomics interventions in repetitive work tasks.