n. maleki

To assess the status of Iranian high school graduates’ occupational preparedness in comparison to that of Turkish and Malaysian students, the high school Chemistry textbooks used in these three countries were content analyzed in terms of the job preparation indices contained in the instrument. The instrument used was deemed valid by experts. The results show both similarities and differences between the three groups based on which Malaysians rank first and Iranians last. In all three sets of textbooks more emphasis is given to “knowing and exploring job opportunities” than other indices, while “hands-on practice” was the least emphasized index. Malaysians are second to Turks only in “exhibiting appropriate behavior while working”, although they rank first in terms of attending to critical thinking, creative thinking, and group work.

Aquatic animals and their products are products, whose perishability rate is higher than other meats. Use of hurdle technology at a low level causes significant decreases in microbial and chemical spoilages while preserving quality of the aquatic animals, compared to traditional preservation methods. The aim of this investigation was to investigate effects of nisin and vacuum and modified atmosphere packaging on the shelf life of silver-carp surimi.

Three nisin concentrations of 0, 500 and 1500 IU/g in combination with vacuum and modified atmosphere packaging of 50% carbon dioxide, 45% nitrogen and 5% oxygen were used to increase the shelf life of surimi, assessing its chemical, microbial, texture, color and gel characteristics.

Compared to the control group, use of nisin concentrations, especially the highest concentration in combination with modified atmosphere packaging, included significant effects on increasing chemical, microbial, color and texture characteristics of the surimi (p<0.05). This study showed that nisin included inhibitory effects on the quantity of total aerobic bacteria; thus, the highest concentration of nisin could decrease the number of bacteria by 3 logs, compared to the control treatment. Numbers of peroxide, thiobarbituric acid, volatile fatty acids and volatile nitrogenous bases in samples treated with 1500 IU/g nisin packed in a modified atmosphere were lower than those in the control treatment (p < 0.05). Characteristics of texture, color and gel of the surimi samples depended on the dose of nisin. Statistical results showed that with increases in storage time, quantity of the microbial and chemical factors of surimi increased (p < 0.05). Moreover,  treatments containing nisin at the two concentrations were able to increase the shelf life of surimi for 5 d, compared to the control treatment.

The best shelf life within 15 d of storage in the refrigerator belonged to surimi samples with the modified atmosphere packaging method containing 1500 IU/g of nisin. This study suggests a novel solution for the preservation of fisheries products by incorporating antimicrobial material into packaging. This approach can expand use of nisin in food packaging.

Cryptocurrencies, which the Bitcoin is the most remarkable one, have allured substantial awareness up to now, and they have encountered enormous instability in their price. While some studies utilize conventional statistical and econometric ways to uncover the driving variables of Bitcoin's prices, experimentation on the advancement of predicting models to be used as decision support tools in investment techniques is rare. There are many different predicting cryptocurrencies' price methods that cover various purposes, such as forecasting a one-step approach that can be done through time series analysis, neural networks, and machine learning algorithms. Sometimes realizing the trend of a coin in a long run period is needed. In this paper, some machine learning algorithms are applied to find the best ones that can forecast Bitcoin price based on three other famous coins. Second, a new methodology is developed to predict Bitcoin's worth, this is also done by considering different cryptocurrencies prices (Ethereum, Zcash, and Litecoin). The results demonstrated that Zcash has the best performance in forecasting Bitcoin's price without any data on Bitcoin's fluctuations price among these three cryptocurrencies.

In a powerful industry, supplier selection is one of the complex processes that can increase productivity and competitive advantages. Supplier selection includes different quantitative, qualitative, and also interactive criteria. In addition, the selection process has always faced with inadequate and incomplete data. Multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) is a useful approach that can be applied, for addressing the opting problems of a supplierconsidering mentioned issues. In this approach, the interaction between criteria can be considered with several methods, such as Choquet integral, which is a practical method for decision ranking. Also, incomplete data can be covered with incomplete analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method. Therefore, in this study, an application of Choquet integral along with incomplete AHP method is provided for supplier selection problem at the petroleum industry. After achieving the ranking rate of suppliers, requested orders are assigned to preferred suppliers by using multi-objective linear programming(MOLP) model and ɛ-constraint method to generate the Pareto optimal points. As a result, supplier 3 with weight 0.8274 was the most preferred supplier in which 50% of total orders was assigned to this supplier as the best selection.

Klebsiella pneumoniae is a gram-negative intestinal bacterium that causes nosocomial infections. The aim of this study was to evaluate the genotype of calcitonin-resistant genes (mcr-pmr) in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from raw milk by Multiplex-PCR. Samples were collected from 220 raw milk storage tanks in Tehran milk storage centers in 1977. Klebsiella pneumoniae strains were identified using standard biochemical and microbiological tests. DNA extraction was performed according to the National Center for Genetic and Biological Resources of Iran (MBK0041) kit. After PCR test in thermocycler apparatus to determine the presence of mcr and pmr genes, the samples were transferred onto 1% agarose gel and stained with ethidium bromide and then analyzed in dock gel apparatus. In this study, 60 genotypes of mcr and pmr genotypes were studied in 60 isolates of K. pneumoniae. Meanwhile, the Mcr gene was reported at a frequency of 11, (18.3%) and the Pmr gene was reported at a frequency of 7 (11.6). The trace of the two genes was investigated by Multiplex-PCR method. This seems to be the first study of two Mcr, Pmr genes, in Iran of milk samples isolated from milk storage tanks in industrial farms from Klebsiella pneumoniae and two of these genes were identified as the main marker.

In this paper the absorption of CO2 by MEA in a falling film reactor is simulated by means of Comsol Multiphysics. The simulated model is considered many aspects of the real process that occurred during the absorption process. The mass transfer process, the heat transfer process and hydrodynamic for liquid and gas phase is considered. Mass and heat transfer coefficient effect is considered by the simulation. The reaction was second order and the velocity profile was considering the effect of shear stress. The simulation results shown that only a small portion of the film thickness(0.002mm) contributed in mass transfer process. The reactor length was 1m(ID: 0.0139m). The simulation shown that by increasing liquid and gas flow rate, absorption rate by MEA increased too.

 The culture and personality of each person rooted in family and any harm to it will make trouble for the next generation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of Islam-based couple therapy on psychological well-being and quality of life of couples.

 The present study was a semi-experimental design with pre-test, post-test, and control group. This research was carried out among 16 couples, who referred to the counseling center of Rasht city in 2017. The subjects were selected using the convenience sampling method and they were divided into two groups of experimental (N=8) and control (N=8). The research tools were a short form of quality of life questionnaire (36-SF) and personality wellbeing index of adults (PWI-A). Islam-centered couple therapy protocol included a one-hour training program (8 sessions) that for the experimental group was implemented in a workshop with power point, lecture, question, and answer. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS 22 software through a multivariate analysis of variance and independent t-tests. 

 There was a significant difference between the mean scores of the post-test step of experimental and control groups in the psychological well-being variable and components of quality of life (p<0.05).

 Islam-based couple therapy is effective in promoting the psychological well-being and quality of life of couples.

Plantar Fasciitis is a common musculoskeletal disorder، which can reduce physical activity of the affected person. The usual treatments have short-term effects or they can cause adverse effects. In this study the injection of corticosteroid and shock wave therapy have been compared.

This was a prospective، randomized and single blind clinical trial. In the physical medicine and rehabilitation clinic of two clinic in Tehran، through the year 2011، 37 feet were randomized to each treatment group. The first group received 40mg methylprednisolone and 2 cc lidocaine 2% and the second group was treated with 3 sessions of rESWT (2000 pulses، 10 Hz، 2. 5 bar) weekly apart. The data was gathered by a questionnaire، 1 week، 1month and 3 months after the intervention. Chi-square، T-test and mann-witney U test was used for data analyzing.

In both groups 3 months after the intervention the severity of the symptoms were greatly improved. In short-term (1 month) corticosteroid effect was superior to shock wave’s one (p<0. 05). This superiority declined through the time. In other words، the effects of the two treatments measured in the functional scale، didn’t differ significantly 3 months after the initiation of the treatment (p>0. 05)

Shock wave therapy can be an alternative treatment for plantar fasciitis.

Increasing application of herbicides such as atrazine raises concerns about soil and groundwater pollution. This study investigated spatial and temporal variation of atrazine concentration and its transportation in the Daneshkadeh soil series (Fine, mixed, mesic, Calcixerollic Xerochrepts) at the experimental field of Agricultural College, Shiraz University. The risk of soil and water contamination due to applying atrazine was also assessed. The PRZM-2 model was evaluated for the simulation of the atrazine concentration. The experiment had 3 plots, 209 m2 each (19 by 11 m). Atrazine was applied on corn at a rate of 3.5 kg a.i./ha per plot. During the growing season, soil samples were collected from each plot 7 times through 1 m soil depth with 0.10-m increments. The observed data showed temporal reduction of atrazine concentrations in the soil profile. The maximum depth of atrazine traced was about 50 cm below the soil surface. Statistical parameters ME, RMSE, EF, and CRM were obtained to compare PRZM-2 predicted and observed soil residue concentrations. For all data, the mentioned parameters were calculated and found to be 2.78 mg/kg-soil, 12.73 mg/kg-soil, 0.49, and 0.25, respectively. The simulation results were in close agreement with the observed data. Therefore, PRZM-2 could be used for simulation of atrazine transport and groundwater pollution.

Repetitive episodes of brief regional ischemia have been shown to reduce the severity of life-threatening ventricular anhythrnias and infarct size that occur during prolonged occlusion of the coronary artery. This phenomenon is known as ischemic preconditioning. During studies in anesthetized, open chest Wistar rats, we accidentally observed that poorly ventilated animals had a reduced severity of ischemic arrhythmias. Therefore, we wished to (1) find out whether acute hypoventilation prior to coronary ligation affords protection to the ischemic rat hearts, and (2) to evaluate the effect of recovery period of normoventilation between hypoventilation and prolonged ischemia on the degree of protection. Male Wistar rats were anesthetized and prepared for left coronary artery ligation. Following a left thoracotomy, artificial respiration was immediately started with room air of 1.5 mLll00g and 54 strokes/min. Analysis of ventricular anhythrnias during 30 min occlusion was performed. In some experiments 30 min. sustained ischemia followed by 2 hours reperfusion and then the percentage of infarct size was measured. The reduction of volume of ventilation to 1.1 and 0.7 mL/l00g only for 10 min immediately prior to coronary artery occlusion resulted in a marked decrease (p<0.01) in the total number of ventricular ectopic beats from 1336±100 in control to 485 ±75 and 328±51, respectively, mainly by reduction of beats occurring as ventricular tachycardia (VT). Also, the time spent in VT and in reversible ventricular fibrillation was reduced significantly (p<0.01 and p<O.OOI, respectively). There was no mortality in animals subjected to hypoventilation, while 33% of control rats died due to irreversible VF. Hypoventilation also limited the infarct size very considerably (p<0.0 1) from 43.4 ±2.9% in control animals to 12.1 ± 1 % and 9.1 ±2.9% in hypoventilated rats. The presence of an intervening period of normoventilation between hypoventilation and prolonged ischemia did not affect the antianhythrnic effect of hypoventilation but abolished the protective effects of hypoventilated preconditioning against the infarction. These results may suggest that the heart can be preconditioned by hypoventilation prior to prolonged ischemia despite the lack of an intervening period of normoventilation.