touraj mojibi

The present research aimed to design a model for the resistance of managers in governmental organizations to implementing administrative reform programs. The research method was based on mixed exploratory research (qualitative-quantitative). The statistical population in the qualitative section consisted of managers of executive agencies, consultants of executive agencies, university professors in the field of public management, higher education centers, experts and specialists in the subject of research, and in the quantitative section, employees of management levels, consultants and experts of nine selected organizations in the provinces of Mazandaran, Golestan, Tehran, and Ilam in the summer of 2022, with a total of 1126 participants. In the qualitative section, using the snowball sampling method to reach theoretical saturation with 16 experts, in-depth interviews were conducted, and in the quantitative section, a researcher-made questionnaire with 127 items was distributed among 286 participants using relative stratified sampling. To determine the validity and reliability in the qualitative stage, necessary examinations were carried out, including acceptability (expert review) and confirmability (expert review again). In the quantitative stage, the validity of the questionnaires was confirmed by three methods formal, content (CVR and CVI range for items between 0.6 to 1 and 0.85 to 1), and structure (convergent validity range between 0.552 to 0.751 and discriminant validity greater than the correlation of the structure with other structures). Reliability was estimated and confirmed by three methods factor loading coefficient of items (greater than 0.4), Cronbach's alpha of components (between 0.760 to 0.888),

 Commercialization of knowledge is an inevitable activity to compensate for the research and development costs of public and private universities and research centres of the country. The present study has tried to develop a systematic and strategic model of knowledge commercialization for higher education centres in Iran.

 This research is an applied descriptive survey. Data from this research include the documents received from scientific databases and conducting the interview. Firstly, by using the content analysis method and its implementation in MAXQDA10 software and performing open and axial coding, the components were identified and summarized, and then the final framework was formed using selective coding. Then, to check the validity of the model, 24 questionnaires were randomly distributed among the statistical sample and analyzed with SmartPLS software.

 In the first step, the output of content analysis showed 26 components in 5 dimensions: the process of commercialization of knowledge, benefits, environment, resources and organization. In the next step, the output of confirmatory factor analysis was done. Finally, 48 indicators obtained the necessary scores in the remaining validity and reliability tests and the final model was presented with 5 dimensions and 22 components.

 Based on the systematic model presented in this research, one of the necessary inputs for knowledge commercialization is knowledge of human resources. These resources, along with financial and valuable resources, are included in the process of commercialization of knowledge, and finally, the output, which is the same as individual, organizational, national and even transnational benefits, will be obtained.

Evaluating the performance of the health care system may be used to generate a common knowledge of prioritizing to enhance health care systems, offer a platform for discussion across programs and departments, and develop a shared understanding of the activities that influence health outcomes. It is crucial to have a model for evaluating the functioning of the health system in multiple organizations, including social security. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to offer a model for evaluating the performance of the Social Security Organization's health system. In this context, essential indicators and components for assessing the performance of the health system using the balanced scorecard model were identified and axes were established by first reading the research literature. After defining the variables and components, the conceptual model of the study is developed and then validated using the statistical methods of structural equations. A questionnaire was used to gather and evaluate the necessary data. In other words, the discovered axes were statistically validated. Customers and procedures are the most essential factors in measuring the success of the health system.

The current research was conducted with the aim of designing a sustainable human resources planning and management model in the Iranian petrochemical industry based on the future research approach. In terms of the objective, the current research is a type of applied and mixed quantitative and qualitative research, and in terms of the implementation method, it is a descriptive-survey type of research. The statistical population of the research includes 15 experts who are the decision team in identifying the indicators and dimensions of the variables, which were used by the non-random (targeted) method and the snowball method. The findings of the research show that the sustainable human resources planning and management model based on the future research approach consists of four main dimensions (input, organization, process, output) and 15 components and 53 indicators. These findings were obtained in three stages from expert questionnaires, first stage Delphi technique and second stage Delphi technique. The results of the research indicate that in the design of sustainable human resource management model in Iran's petrochemical industry based on the future research approach, attention should be paid to the four dimensions of sustainable human resource management: input, organization, process and output.

Because there are two main concerns in health interventions: prevention and treatment, there is typically a demand for the latter, but there may be none for the former. As a result, one of the most important considerations in determining which services to prioritize is to ensure that public health and clinical activities are balanced and appropriate. However, the researcher was inspired to create a model for measuring the performance of the health system in the Social Security Organization because of the lack of a performance measurement pattern. Given these two issues, the researcher created a model for measuring the performance of the health system in the Social Security Organization. The current study is of the basic-applied kind, and its goal is to find out more about it. It was exploratory in nature, with a temporal component; cross-sectional in nature, with a technique that combined qualitative and quantitative methodologies. The statistical population of this research includes experts and health experts from around the nation, who were selected using non-random and judgmental procedures, and the sample size was determined using the theoretical saturation rule. Questionnaires, interviews, and documents were utilized to gather information. The content (judgmental) validity of the current study questionnaire was validated, and the questionnaire's reliability was confirmed using qualitative research methodologies such as methodological coherence, sample appropriateness, and simultaneous data collection and analysis. The Wellman model open coding table was used to examine the qualitative content of the study, while Chang's descriptive techniques and enhanced fuzzy hierarchical decision-making methods were utilized to assess the quantitative material. Internal processes (0.35), social responsibility (0.24), customer (0.11), health (after treatment) (0.09), health (after prevention and care) (0.07), growth and learning (0.069), and financial (0.069) are the seven perspectives required by the balanced scorecard model to measure the performance of the health system, according to the research findings (0.052). In addition, for these seven viewpoints, a total of 46 indicators were found and weighed. According to the above findings, using a health perspective in both treatment and prevention, care and social responsibility perspectives, as well as the perspectives presented by Kaplan and Norton, is essential for the establishment of a performance measurement system for the Social Security Organization's health system. It's also a good idea to pay close attention to the signs that carry greater weight

The increasing importance of performance appraisal in government organizations has led to an ethical vacuum, attention to social responsibility, and setting criteria for these factors in the performance appraisal process. Common performance appraisal models in organizations are not able to identify and evaluate these criteria. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to design a balanced scorecard model developed at three levels of management in Iranian government organizations to identify and determine ethical criteria and social responsibility to fill the gap. The research method in this research is exploratory in terms of nature and in terms of implementation method, and the data collection method in this research is a field that was first modified, expanded, developed, and developed with semi-structured in-depth interview tools with experts of identified variables or factors. Then, to find the pattern of relationship between factors, a researcher-made pairwise comparison questionnaire was designed, which was determined using the fuzzy hierarchical evaluation method. Analysis of data and information was also performed by Expert Choice software. Findings from the design of the model show that in Iranian government organizations, top managers in the field of ethics and social responsibility by the criterion of "employee satisfaction", middle managers to "minimize the costs of procrastination and harm" and basic managers to " "Self-audit of managers" should be given the most attention.

Human resources as the most important assets of knowledge organizations and a source of creativity and innovation that have individual capabilities, talent, knowledge, experience, skills, abilities and attitudes, are the main foundation of organizational success. Sustainable in Iran's petrochemical industry is based on the future research approach. The purpose of the research is applied research and developmental and qualitative research and its implementation method is descriptive-survey research. The statistical population of the study is 15 experts who as a decision team in identifying indicators and dimensions of variables using non-random (targeted) method and snowball method . The research findings indicate that the model of sustainable human resource management in the Iranian petrochemical industry is based on a future research approach consisting of four main dimensions (input, organization, process, output) and 15 components and 53 indicators. These findings were obtained in three stages of expert questionnaires, the first stage Delphi technique and the second stage Delphi technique, which should be considered in all four dimensions.

Knowledge is the foundation of development and social welfare of countries and the foundation of development and wealth. On the other hand, the commercialization of knowledge is one of the strategic goals and necessities of the higher education system. Now questions are: Why have these outputs not led to real and economic development? And why do economic problems and unemployment continue to dominate in the country? Therefore, it seems that despite the production of knowledge, there is no art of applying knowledge in our country. The research gap that exists especially on the commercialization of knowledge in the country is the commercialization of knowledge in a localized way and is compatible with the university culture that was tried to be studied in this research. Islamic values ​​are among the key concepts in designing the model of knowledge commercialization, which is very important to pay attention to in Islamic countries, including Iran. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to design a systematic and strategic model of knowledge commercialization in higher education centers with emphasis on Islamic values.The present study is applied in terms of the type of purpose and it is descriptive-survey research in terms of method. This is a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods with content analysis strategy with a network of themes approach from December 1399 to September 1400 in Tehran. To conduct the research, firstly by studying the records of previous researches, a relatively comprehensive knowledge about commercialization was obtained and based on this, a preliminary framework was provided. This framework was then completed by the Delphi method and finalized by evaluation through survey modeling. The general direction of the research is as follows: First, in the first stage, different texts were studied and comparative study was done and the table of reading texts was identified. In the second stage, an interview was conducted with a panel of experts to extract the component and index. In the third stage, open, axial and selective codings were performed, and in the last stage, model validation and testing were performed. Thus, in this research, first, using the content analysis method and its implementation in MAXQDA 2020 software and performing open and axial coding, the components were identified and summarized, and then the final framework was formed using selective coding.The statistical population of the present study was academic experts related to specialization, in which 9 people were included in the qualitative section through purposive sampling. Sampling and data collection in this section continued until theoretical saturation was reached. In this study, data were repeated after interviews with 9 people, but several additional interviews were conducted to ensure information saturation. An online questionnaire was sent to selected professors to collect data. Qualitative data analysis was performed using contextual analysis in three stages of open, axial and selective coding, and finally the indicators of the knowledge commercialization system model were identified and the initial commercialization model was designed.Then, using structural equation modeling, the relationships between the components of the model as well as the validation of the extracted model were determined. In order to check the validity of the model, 24 questionnaires were distributed among the statistical sample by random sampling method and with SmartPLS software in two modes of standard coefficient estimation and again in the significant mode of coefficients. Then, after performing the homogeneity test of the indicators, the questions of the variables that were not in the same field were removed and the model was performed again in two modes and presented in the form of a modified model. After this stage, all tests were performed based on the modified model. The model reliability test also showed that all Cronbach's alpha coefficients are above 0.7 and the reliability was confirmed based on this test.Based on the data collected in this study, the knowledge commercialization process first results in 6 components including “provide research results, commercialization, exploitation, strategy adoption, research and development and idea generation”, were designed, but finally, after the initial validation test and homogeneity test, a number of items due to having λ less than 0.7 were deleted. The purpose of these items is to eliminate the component of presenting research results from the dimension of knowledge commercialization process; economic component from the dimension of environment; the information component from the dimension of resources and the technology component from the dimension of organization. Finally, a model with 5 dimensions and 22 components was presented. Regarding the deleted components, it can be mentioned that they do not cause much change in the content of the model because, for example, the item components of the provide research results overlap with commercialization, operation and transfer. At the end, in this study, the final model of knowledge commercialization with emphasis on Islamic values ​​with 5 dimensions and 22 components was presented.