zohreh moghiseh

This study aimed to map and  analyze the knowledge structure of science, technology, and innovation policymaking studies using a co-occurrence network. Understanding the trends in the literature related to science, technology, and innovation policymaking enables policymakers to gain a broader perspective on significant global issues. Additionally, researchers can gain insights into the most prevalent topics in this field and navigate the boundaries of knowledge in science, technology, and innovation policymaking.

The current research is a descriptive study that employs scientometric indicators along with documentary and social network analysis methods. The research population consists of 3,868 articles and reviews published between 1969 and 2023 in the field of science, technology, and innovation policymaking. Data for the study was collected on June 3, 2023, by accessing the Web of Science database (a product of Clarivate Analytics). Microsoft Excel was utilized to analyze the research data and create a geographical distribution map. Additionally, Vosviewer software was employed to visualize the co-occurrence network of papers in the field of science, technology, and innovation policymaking, while Gephi was used to clean and remove unrelated keywords.

The number of published articles on the topic of science, technology, and innovation policymaking has been steadily increasing. Among the countries, the United States, England, China, the Netherlands, and Germany have produced the highest number of publications in this field. An analysis of journal publications revealed that the Sustainability Journal, with 89 articles; the Environmental Science and Policy Journal, with 74 articles; and the Journal of Cleaner Production, with 69 articles, have the most publications related to science, technology, and innovation policymaking. The co-occurrence network in this field consists of 221 nodes and 8035 unique links, and the most frequently occurring keywords among these nodes include science, policy, policy making, innovation, government, and technology. Furthermore, over the past five years, topics such as COVID-19, big data, sustainable development, data science, citizen science, circular economy, urbanization, energy transition, and CO2 emissions have been extensively discussed. The co-occurrence network in the field of science, technology, and innovation policymaking consists of five clusters: sustainable development, public health, climate change, government support, and public participation. These clusters represent different aspects of science, technology, and innovation policymaking.The findings indicate that the articles published by Iranian researchers on science, technology, and innovation policymaking have received 924 citations. In other words, each of them received an average of 7.7 citations, and 77.59 percent of them were cited at least once. In addition, these articles have performed less than the global expectation by obtaining a category-normalized citation impact equal to 0.92. Also, 79.38 percent of these scientific productions result from international collaborations and the highest amount of collaboration has been done with researchers from the USA, England, Australia, and Canada.

The policymaking process for science and technology is highly complex, and influenced by various factors, including global conditions, challenges, developments, trends, country of origin, and territorial considerations. To promote sustainable development goals, science and technology policies should prioritize innovation and entrepreneurship. Additionally, governments should focus on supporting activities that contribute to economic prosperity in this area. Health is a vital economic sector that not only directly impacts economic growth but also influences the development of other sectors. Policymakers in science and technology across various countries emphasize the significance of health research and the rapid deployment of new technologies, such as pharmaceuticals, diagnostic tools, remote treatments, and medical equipment. Science, technology, and innovation are crucial for sustainable development, as they aid in the formulation and implementation of policies and regulations concerning climate change. These policies may involve establishing standards, implementing energy regulations and taxes, utilizing tools to control pollution and greenhouse gas emissions, and protecting water resources and the environment. The government plays a crucial role in the formulation of science and technology policies, especially in developing countries, where it aligns with national priorities through various policy instruments. These instruments, often referred to as governance tools, are measures utilized by the government to accomplish specific policy objectives. Public participation in the science and technology policy-making process allows society to directly influence policies and decisions in this domain. This promotes transparency, trust, and the empowerment of society in matters related to science and technology, ultimately resulting in the adoption of improved policies, informed decisions, and positive outcomes for the community.

Groundwater contamination has major effects on human health, industrial activity, agriculture, and the environment. The present study determined the concentration of lead, cadmium, arsenic, chromium, and nickel metals in the groundwater around the landfill in Juybar City and compared them with the drinking water standards.

In this descriptive-analytical study, 12 samples were sampled from four wells for three consecutive months. The concentration of heavy elements was measured using the graphite furnace atomic absorption technique (GFAA) based on standard water and wastewater methods. Also, the hardness, temperature, pH, and total dissolved solids (TDS) parameters were measured with portable devices.

Investigations showed that the average concentration of nickel, lead, chromium, and cadmium in well water was 0.0425, 0.0071, 0.0268, and 0.0117 mg/l, respectively. The average concentration of arsenic was not observed in any sample. The average temperature, hardness, pH, and TDS were measured in the range of 20-21°C, 108.66-136.33 mg/L, 7.3-7.36, and 566.25-712.33 mg/L. Also, the correlation coefficient showed a positive correlation between the metals nickel, chromium, lead, and cadmium and the parameters of temperature, hardness, pH, and TDS, as well as with each other at a confidence level of 0.01.

The amount of arsenic, lead, chromium, pH, and hardness are acceptable in the investigated wells for drinking purposes, but the amount of cadmium, nickel, and TDS is higher than the standard.

The current research was conducted to investigate open-access articles written by Iranian researchers. This study examines the amount of scientific impact (citation indices) and social impact (altmetrics indices) of Iranian open-access scientific outputs. The results of this research can provide information about the effectiveness of open-access scientific publications to managers and policymakers in the field of science and technology so that, while being aware of the current situation, they can make the necessary decisions and policies to improve the quality of scientific outputs.

The present research is a descriptive study that has been conducted using scientometrics and altmetrics indicators. The research population comprised of 119168 scientific outputs published by Iranian researchers in open-access journals and indexed by the Web of Science. Data were collected using two products of Clarivate Analytics, namely Web of Science and InCites. Also, the Altmetrics Explorer, a service provided by Altmetric Institute was used for altmetric data collection. Finally, SPSS software was used to perform the correlation test, and because the values of the variables were not normal (the significance of the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, p0.01), Spearman's correlation test was used (significance level 0.01). Other research data were analyzed using Excel software (descriptive statistics).

Open-access articles by Iranian researchers grew by 99.9% and the largest number of open-access articles by Iranian researchers have been published in journals with the gold open-access model. Islamic Azad University, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, and Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences had the highest number of articles in open-access journals. Also, the largest number of articles by Iranian researchers have been published in medicine general internal journals (9342), chemistry multidisciplinary (6409), pharmacology pharmacy (5714), and mathematics (5235). The least number of open-access articles have been published in the subject areas of music (1), folklore (1), film, radio, and television (1).While the study of the received citations and the citation rate of the open access outputs of Iranian researchers indicated that the articles published in quality journals are of higher citation, about %40.05 of scientific output has been published in journals without quartile, %15.98 in Q4, %15.5in Q2, %14.34 in Q3, and % 14.11in Q1 journals.The findings showed that Iranian open-access scientific productions have been mentioned a total of 1,364,087 times in different media. The highest amount of attention and mention happened on Twitter (194,463), news (18,483), and Facebook (10,670). The results of correlation tests revealed statistically significant, positive, and poor relationships between the number of citations, altmetric score, mentions on Twitter, mentions on Facebook, and Mendeley readers.

Medical sciences universities of the country have contributed more to the publication of open-access scientific outputs, among the top 20 universities in the country in terms of the number of articles, the names of 10 medical sciences universities are visible. One of the reasons for this is the very important role of open access to medical articles and findings in increasing public awareness and health. With the publication of open access, the speed of access to the latest research and awareness of diseases will increase, and it will increase the level of health, and longevity in all countries of the world.On the other hand, the publication of a significant part of scientific outputs in Non-JCR indexed journals is very worth considering. Most of these journals are indexed in the Emerging Sources Citation Index. Gold open-access journals often receive very high fees for publishing articles, it is highly necessary to plan to inform researchers about the quality of these journals.

 Currently, recycling of secondary effluent can be used sustainably as a new water source to minimize the water consumption in areas which are exposed to water crisis. Hence, it is necessary to appraise hybrid advanced treatment technologies performance and to determine the best alternative for reusing secondary effluent of industrial park in full-scale. 

 The secondary effluent (biological-treated) of the centralized industrial park wastewater treatment plant (Aq Qala, Golestan province, Iran) is introduced into combined systems such as (1) sand filter (SF) and membrane bioreactor (MBR), (2) SF, MBR and granular activated carbon (GAC) (3) SF and GAC (4) SF, MBR, GAC, and reverse osmosis (RO), as the hybrid advanced scenarios. 

 The effluent of SF/MBR/GAC/RO showed the highest quality (>99% removal efficiency). In this scenario, pH, silica, manganese, iron, total suspended solids, turbidity, total coliform, and chemical oxygen demand (COD), alkalinity, hardness, total dissolved solids (TDS), chloride, and sulfate were determined 6.93 ± 0.19, 1.4 ± 0.6 mg/L, not detectable (ND), ND, <2 ± 0.2 mg/L, <1 Nephelometric Turbidity unit (NTU), ND and <2 ± 0.2 mg/L, 54.8 ± 1 2.5 mg/L, 50 ± 17 mg/L, 100 ± 14.89 mg/L, 68 ± 10.9 mg/L, and 44 ± 3.67 mg/L were observed in the range of product water standard for sensitive industries. Also, the maximum of efficiency of SF/MBR, SF/MBR/GAC, and SF/GAC systems was obtained 97.75% (as total coliforms), 62.65% (as COD), and 55.8% (as COD), respectively. Other parameters removed slight about 2% to 40%. However, hardness, alkalinity, and manganese concentrations not reduced after these systems (0% efficiency). 

 The hybrid system of SF/MBR/GAC/RO was produced a clean and suitable water supply for the sensitive industries (e.g., intermediate-pressure boilers, cooling water, textile, etc.) of Aq Qala industrial park according to the environmental protection agency standards.

The aim of this study was to investigate the level of attention paid to the scientific outputs of researchers focusing on the Coronavirus and family viruses on social media.

The present research is a descriptive study that has been conducted using scientometric and altmetrics indicators. The research population includes 968 scientific outputs, which have been written by Iranian researchers in different years about COVID 19 or its family viruses.

38% of scientific outputs have been considered 3322 times in social media, 206 times in news and blogs, 39 times in policy and patents, 12 times in other sources, and three times in scientific sources. The average Altmetric scores of Iranian articles published on the Coronavirus are 9.6, and the most attention to these articles shared via Twitter. Also, no correlation was found between the Altmetric score of papers and the number of citations.

Articles on coronary artery disease using stem cells, Iranians fighting Covid 19 despite sanctions, how people function when they get Covid 19, and the effect of Covid 19 on stroke in patients which has been noticed by doctors and researchers and even the public in recent months, has had the most presence on social networks.

This research aims to investigate the presence of research outputs in the field of neuromarketing in social media.Research

The current study is a descriptive study that has been done using scientometric and altmetric indicators. The research population includes 482 research articles, review, editorial material, letters to editor and book chapters that have been published in the field of neuromarketing during different years, and indexed in the Web of Science. Research data were extracted from the Web of Science and Altmetric Explorer databases and then analyzed using Excel and SPSS software.

The highest rate of mentions to scientific research in the field of neuromarketing occurred on Twitter, patents, and Facebook, and the average altmetric score of these publication was 7.35. Also, these publications have been marked and read 23204 times in Mendeley. In addition, the results of running a series of correlation tests revealed statistically significant and positive associations among the number of citations, number of mentions on Twitter, Facebook, and the number of the reader in Mendeley. In other words, the most cited outputs on Twitter, Facebook, and Mendeley have also been more present and mentions.

Altmetrics indicators can be used along with traditional citation indicators to study the effectiveness of research outputs in the field of neuromarketing. Therefore, the familiarity of researchers in this field with alternative metrics and the importance of social media presence in increasing the visibility of scientific products is mandatory.

Iodine is one of the most important essential micronutrients throughout life. Salt is the most important and inexpensive iodized foods in Iran. This study aims to investigate the concentration of iodine of salt in Gorgan and compare it with standards. This study was descriptive-analytical. The sampling was performed on 11 brands of iodized salt in Gorgan,s stores. The iodine content was measured by titration with three replications. The data were analyzed using SPSS software. In this study, the lowest average iodine concentration was observed in the K brand (15.05 µg/g). It did not meet the Ministry of Health standards (30-60 µg/g and 20-50µg/g). It met the WHO, UNICEF, ICCDD standards(15-55µg/g). Also, the brand of J (21.68 µg/g), F (24.62 µg/g), I (28.23 µg/g), and E (23.62 µg/g) did not meet the new standards of the Ministry of Health. The amount of iodine in the salt can be due to its quality in the production stage (e.g. purity) and the time interval from production to consumption. Therefore, continuous monitoring is very important in the chain of production and distribution timely.

This research investigates the citation, usage, reach and readership of scholarly books published by Springer Nature in four areas of Pure Sciences, Engineering, Medical Sciences, and Social Sciences within three years after publication.

The current study is a descriptive – correlational research which is conducted using citation, altmetrics and usage-based indicators. The sample of study is comprised of 1184 electronic books from Springer published in 2013. The data was collected from Bookmetrix, Springer’s platform for monitoring the performance of books, which shows the number of citations in Crossref, the number of downloads in SpringerLink, the number of mentions in social media tools and the number of bookmarks in Mendeley. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS.

Results of the study revealed that Springer books in pure sciences were more frequently cited than the other three subject areas. Like citation data, download statistics varied between scientific areas and the highest download count belonged to engineering books. Results showed that books in medicine received more social media attentions compared with those in social sciences, pure sciences and engineering. Regarding Mendeley bookmarks, the engineering books demonstrated the highest number of bookmarks among four studied research areas.All the studied books have been downloaded at-least once, while the proportion of bookmarked, cited and mentioned books was 90.2%, 67.9% and 19.5%, respectively. The highest number of downloads in all four subject areas was occurred 6 to 18 months after publication time. The results of running a series of correlation tests revealed statistically significant and positive associations among the number of citations, downloads, mentions and bookmarks in all four disciplines. Findings revealed that books with more download statistics also accumulated higher citation counts. The relationship between citations and downloads could be bilateral. On the one hand, early download may lead to more citations. On the other hand, documents may gain more attention and be downloaded because they acquire more visibility when they are cited.

The results of the current study provide evidence that usage-based and social media-based metrics could act as the complement of traditional citation-based measures for assessing the impact of books and book chapters in a multidimensional way. This study also provides insights into different types of impact that scholarly books have and how they are being cited, downloaded and discussed in book-oriented and article-oriented disciplines. Librarians’ and researchers’ familiarity with alternative metrics are mandatory.