جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « دن کیشوت » در نشریات گروه « ادبیات و زبان ها »

Epics are related to the period of establishment and establishment of tribes, and with the passing of their establishment, the need for bravery and fighting against native tribes and enemies disappears, and this is where national and natural epics have their place. are given to historical and religious epics. Don Quixote after Iliad and Odysseus and Iskandarnameh Nizami and Khosfi's Khavaran name after Shahnameh show the process of this change in the East and the West. Cervantes, the author of Don Quixote, used Hazel's language to disparage the epic ideas and in this work he focused more on the ideas found in the Eastern epics. The ground-breaker that shows the possibility of different readings of the same text shows itself more in the translation of Don Quixote's text. Niks-Sorsht's translation is one of these readings that has focused on the Iranianization and idiomization of Don Quixote's text, but it has not been able to eliminate the duality of the story's space. Ridiculing and reducing the content and humorous expression and characteristics of heroes, magic and sorcery, discipleship of heroes, underestimating the capabilities of women and relying on the principle of beauty, humiliating Arabs and ignoring the important place of the epic in the identity. The creation of Iranians and Indians, contrary to its appearance, has given Don Quixote and Cervantes an anti-epic foundation, and contrary to the epic attitude of Iranians, it has reached the production of the big conceptual metaphor "Ayari and Pahlavani are not path-breakers and problem-solvers".This descriptive-analytical essay, with library study and qualitative analysis method and with inductive reasoning, has investigated the translation of Don Quixote and its success rate and how it responds to Cervantes's anti-epic thoughts.

Comparative studies, in addition to showing the overlap between culture and literature, can lead to the identification of national literature as much as possible and reveal the position of each work in comparison with its international examples; therefore, such studies can play a significant role in the globalization of literature and identifying the strengths and weaknesses of local works.One of the approaches that can be used for the comparative study of two works is the narratological approach. In this approach, the narrative elements of two works are measured together and the similarities and differences are determined. Various theories have been proposed in the field of narratology. One of the most important theories in this regard belongs to the French theorist Gerard Genet (1930). He considers the "story" or the main plot of the story to be one of the aspects of the narrative and considers it to be the real sequence of events.   One of the approaches that can be used for the comparative study of two works is the narratological approach. In this approach, the narrative elements of two works are measured together and the similarities and differences are determined. Various theories have been proposed in the field of narratology. One of the most important theories in this regard belongs to the French theorist Gerard Genet (1930). He considers the "story" or the main plot of the story to be one of the aspects of the narrative and considers it to be the real sequence of events.. In this research, a comparative comparison of one of the narrative elements (grammatical Tense) in two novels, “Don Quixote” and “Dayi Jan Napoleon”, has been done. Tense is one of the elements that gives identity to narrative and story and is defined by three components of order, continuity and frequency.Four hundred years ago, in 1604 AD, Miguel de Cervantes published the first part of his immortal book "Don Quixote"; A work that later earned the title of the world's first fiction novel. This work is one of the oldest novels in modern European languages. Many consider it the best book written in Spanish and one of the most prominent examples of the picaresque novel. Don Quixote shows the audience the life of a person who suffers from delusions and spends his time reading forbidden story so that, according to the author of this story, he loses his sanity in an incurable way. The main character of the story sees himself in the place of one of these knights and sees imaginary enemies in front of him, which are often mountains and trees. "Don Quixote" is an imaginary and clumsy warrior who thinks he is invincible. He, accompanied by his servant, Sancho Panza, goes on long journeys and it is in the middle of these journeys that strange actions happen to him. He has no other goal but to save people from the oppression and tyranny of cruel rulers, he has an imaginative view of his surroundings and sees everything as a tool of war. Bitter humor reigns throughout this story, so that despite the strange actions of the main character, the reader feels empathy and sympathy for him. The society in which the author lives has had a great influence on the creation of such images. In 1972, Iranian writer Iraj Pezeshkzad published the book " Dayi Jan Napoleon ", which was widely accepted by book readers, and with the creation of a television series from this book, day by day. The number of people interested in this book has increased. Dayi Jan Napoleon is an eventful novel based on tale. The author pays attention to the main and essential aspect of the novel, which is narrative. It can be said that humor is the main axis in the story, as this case has left the author's hand free to express any issues far from being frank. Humor in the words and live and critical narratives of the life of the market alley people is one of the characteristics of this work, so the author has created unique and lasting characters by using nostalgic and local images, folk idioms and proverbs. The story consists of domestic episodes around a family. The driving factor of the plot is the conflict of two characters, "Dayi Jan" and "Aghajan", who act as types emerging from two social forces. Aghajan represents the urban middle class, which is taking the place of landed aristocracy in the social hierarchy. His opponent, Dayi Jan, flees into fantasy in front of the undeniable reality; Because he doesn't know what to do with the upcoming "fall", as he says.

The method of collecting information and data is based on library and analytical studies. Extracting data from the novels selected in this research has been done using the qualitative analysis method and relying on the data of Gerard Genet's narrative theory.

Tense is one of the elements that gives identity to narrative and story and is defined by three components: order, continuity and frequency. In general, in both novels, the sequence of events follows the chronological order. The number of irregularities and time lapses, which include future and retrospections, is not faint in both novels, and they usually come in the form of decisions and predictions of future events, expressions of memories, and reminiscences of the past. This has added to the attractiveness of the novel and the pursuit of the reader. In Don Quixote's novel, often, the narrator talks about the emotional decisions of the main character by passing from the present to the future and engages the reader's mind in how the events happened, while in Dayi Jan Napoleon's novel, the expression of memories and hindsight is a source of pride for some.The factors that increase the positive speed and acceleration in the narrative are delay and compression, which summarizes the narrative by creating a time break in the story and removing some unnecessary repetitive events. By providing detailed descriptions of characters, time and place, the author slows down the narrative speed so that the reader is more involved in the novel. The two themes of war and travel play a key role in both stories, although in both stories more of its imaginary and illusory aspects are considered. Long descriptions and events that happen during these wars and journeys in "Don Quixote" novel advance the story, but in " Dayi Jan Napoleon " novel, they help to create a humorous atmosphere and expand time. Dayi Jan Napoleon 's novel is more dialogue-oriented, so it mainly has a constant momentum and temporal similarity, but the temporal continuity in Cervantes' novel has a negative momentum due to the abundant use of ropes. The dominant frequency in the two novels is the singular frequency, which is not far from expected considering the narrative style of both works and their realism. Although other types of frequency such as frequent frequency are used in both works; however, singular frequency is the most used.

The narrative of the end of the era of aristocracy and lords and serfs in two different geographical points and the similarity of the behavior of activists such as Don Quixote and  Dayi Jan on the one hand and Sancho and Mashqasem on the other hand, creates the mentality that Iraj Pezeshkzad, in The writing of Dayi Jan Napoleon has looked at Don Quixote's novel, or it has sought to present an Iranian version of this novel; however, in Iranian history and culture, there have been no shortage of such delusional people. Of course, at the end of Don Quixote's story, we witness the transformation of the character and the acceptance of reality, but in the Dayi Jan Napoleon's novel, the character of Dayi Jan does not change and remains in his delusional world.

Translation work, opening a new window on the effect of cross-border travel, his novel idea for dealing with language and to make strenuous. Translated in both languages Tkapvyy valuable to arise. The first English translation of the original work that is dealing with it other than that you should receive your pass The effect.Translated Tvandgvnh of cultural and linguistic change is the passing of knowledge achieved in virtually any language interpreter translated the work with little tolerance towards creating a new one take into account the even Will admit that the root of the source .Don Quixote, one of the world literature translated Nvadr Muhammad Ghazi, a symbol and measure important parameters to be translated. Trustee in respect of the translation of words, without damaging the nature of the interference effect in the choice of words, choose the style in keeping with the atmosphere of the novel, the best way to choose the arrangement of sentences and the most important benefit of smart inherent in maintaining the originality of the work and adherence to the logical structure of the novel , which has some characteristics in comparison with the ancient texts of Persian language and literature reveals more and better place. In this study we are trying to corner some of the light Study of Muhammad Ghazi, the translation of this valuable work, some aspects of linguistic very artistic and elaborate effects that are observed to introduce .