right of exploitation

Significant advances in technology have led to the formulation of legal principles governing the collateralization of intellectual property as one of the most valuable assets of companies in the contemporary economy. Preventing the abandonment of intellectual property, generating revenue and increasing market influence are effective factors in promoting commercialization of intellectual property contracts such as licenses and collateralization of intellectual property. The expansion of international trade relations and the importance of corporate financing, in addition to material property restrictions, have brought unprecedented attention to the legal system of intellectual property collateral and licensing rights. The challenge with these contracts is the imperfection of the rights of each party to collateralization. To this end, the laws of the countries have considered the mere transferability of the rights arising from these agreements to be sufficient. Iran have Adopted Functionalism in its Secured Transactions system and all of the collateral contracts based on the principle of contractual freedom are permitted. Three types of Contracts are available related to the intellectual property license, ie Acquisition Security Right, Collateralize the rights of license agreement and contractual substitution. With regard to the description of the consequential increased security interest involved in the rights of the secured creditor, in the case of transferability of the rights and preventing the licensee to pledge his rights by licensor and his secured creditor, we could imagine various security rights in the same contract simultaneously.

There is a disagreement on the management of specific endowments without a trustee. Some jurists, recognizing the ownership right for the beneficiaries, believe that the management of the endowment is an integral part of it and exclusive management of the endowment are with the beneficiaries. But most jurists in the last two centuries consider the rights of future beneficiaries as standard. They consider the administration of affairs that is related to all the beneficiaries, as the ruler’s authority. In the Iranian law, in the beginning, the first opinion was chosen. But later on, the second view came to the fore. However, the practical procedure of the Organization of the Endowments and the judicial process of the courts accept the first view and it has continued until now. Whereas, the second opinion and its basis are accepted in the new legislations. Therefore, it is necessary to change the practical and judicial procedure.

Right of exploitaitionis known as one of the person's relationship to property by civil code and is counted endowment and lien contracts as causes of it. Analysis of the nature of loan shows that the result of the loan contract is also right of exploitaition, although civil code has not seat the loan contract on side contracts those creator the right of exploitaition. Because the nature of right of exploitaition nothing except credit domination on the right of exploitaition of substance and also permission of owner in the loan contract, is dominant the borrower on right of exploitaition.Article 92 has spoken of the right of exploitaitionby legislator's permission in the exploitaition of resources and common.If we don’t know the loan contract creator of exploitaition, we will be faced with deadlock to determine the type of relationship that comes from it. Because in 29 article has not predicted relationship except ownership and right of exploitaition. Revocable of loan contract and binding of lien contract and endowment do not make fundamental difference in the result of these, as irrevocable in the free peace and revocable in the gift will not cause that these two contracts be different in the result (ownership). Also famous jurists later have asserted that the result of loan contract is the right of exploitaitionas general endowment and lien contracts. We should not be wrong license of exploitaition or charging legal permission that is a charging legal law with right of exploitaitionor correlative permission that is a correlative law.