جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Environmental Sustainability » در نشریات گروه « اقتصاد »

Environmental sustainability as an approach to development; It makes it possible to meet the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of future generations. This approach helps to preserve natural resources, biodiversity, reduce negative effects on the environment, improve the quality of human life and develop a sustainable economy. Simply put, environmental sustainability means a balance between economic development, social sustainability and environmental preservation. Achieving environmental sustainability requires identifying and determining the factors affecting it. Therefore, the main objective of the present study is to examine the effect of political freedom and human development on environmental sustainability according to three indicators of Ecological footprint (EFP), carbon dioxide emissions (CO2) and Environmental Performance Index (EPI) in Iran over the period of time (1990 - 2022) using the Dynamic Ordinary Least Square (DOLS). Also, in this research, the human development index (HDI), which includes the economic and social dimensions of development, has been used to investigate the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC). The research results show that human development index (HDI) has a negative effect and political freedom (FPI) has a positive and significant effect on environmental sustainability. On the other hand, the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis test also showed that the square of the human development index has a positive and significant effect on environmental sustainability; As a result, based on this hypothesis, the inverted U relationship between human development index (HDI) and environmental sustainability is confirmed in this study. Other results of this research show that energy consumption (EC) has a negative effect, urbanization rate (URB) and commercial openness (OPE) have a positive and significant effect on environmental sustainability in the long term.

 Corruption is a complex, multidimensional phenomenon with multiple causes and effects, ranging from an individual act (such as bribery) to a pervasive act that encompasses all elements of the political and economic system. Despite the complexity, difficulty and sensitivity of dealing with this complication, in recent years, extensive studies have been conducted to measure corruption, explain the reasons for committing such criminal activity and provide deterrent solutions by the international community. The purpose of this study was the impact of corruption on the environmental sustainability of companies. The spatial scope of this research was the companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange and the time domain was between 2016 and 2020. 107 companies are selected by eliminated systematic method as sample. As data nature, this is a kind of quantitative study and as purpose, this is a kind of applied study. Jarque-Bra test is done for normality testing. Regression significance and coefficient significance tests are considered in order to investigate significance in regression pattern. Heterogenity, F-limer and Husman tests are considered as regression pre-test as well. The results showed that financial corruption affects the environmental sustainability of companies. The impact of corruption on environmental sustainability varies between large and small companies. The impact of corruption on environmental sustainability varies in companies with high and low financial performance.

It is important to assess the environmental sustainability in order to achieve the goal of sustainable development. For this purpose, in this study the environmental sustainability of some of the Iranian provinces has been evaluated and compared using two methods of AHP and TOPSIS in the years of 2007 and 2012. Based on the results from AHP, the most stable and the least stable provinces in 2007 were Kermanshah and Markazi, while in the year 2012 East Azerbaijan and Kerman were the most and least stable provinces. Based on the TOPSIS results, in 2007, Golestan and Ardebil and in 2012 Golestan and Kerman were the most and the least stable provinces in Iran. The results show that even though both AHP and TOPSIS methods are appropriate at prioritizing provinces, but the results from the AHP are the preferred ones.

In this study, by utilizing the Ecological Footprint (EF) as an environmental sustainability indicator in context of Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC), the effect of economic growth on environmental sustainability in Iran was examined. To achieve this goal, an environmental degradation model is established during the period of 1985–2013. Furthermore, the long and short run relationships between EF and per capita Gross Domestic Production (GDP), energy consumption per capita, population intensity and trade openness were investigated by applying Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach. The empirical results revealed that the relationship between EF and economic growth is inverted U-shaped and statistically significant. Moreover, a 10% increase in population intensity is linked with 11.2% and 9.6% growth in EF in long and short run, respectively. Although the impact of trade openness is positive on EF and statistically significant in long run, there is not significant impact in short run. Furthermore, a 10% increase in energy consumption is linked with 4.6% and 3.9% growth in EF in long and short run, respectively. The result shows the desirability of energy consumption efficiency, developing clean energy, lowering urban intensity and improving environmental monitoring.

This paper aims to explore the relationship between the economic growth and the pressure on nature from the environmental sustainability perspective. The pressure on nature is measured by the natural disinvestment component of the Adjusted Net Savings data of the World Bank; which is the sum of energy, mineral, net forest depletions and carbon dioxide damage. Our panel consists of 15 countries and spans the period between 1990 and 2011. We employ a panel Fixed-Effects Instrumental Variable (IV) methodology. Regression analysis reveals that there is a positive relationship between income and pressure on nature in MENA, yet the effect is much stronger in low-income than in high-income countries. We found that increasing trade, all else equal, increases the pressure on nature.

Achieving urban sustainable development is among the urban managers’ and planners’ important concerns. Due to an increase in urbanization, goods and services are always in great demand in the cities and, hence, satisfying the citizens’ requirements requires sufficient financial resources. However, what is of note in financing resources is taking natural resources and environment into consideration in a way that it turns incomes into sustainable ones and it does not pose any threat to urban sustainable development. As a result, it seems essential to utilize economic instruments which suit environment management the best. However, it should be noted that development requires precise planning and should be in conjunction with the conditions and the status of countries. Urban sustainable development which meets the current needs of the world, without endangering the future generations’ potentials for satisfying their own requirements, is on three principles: environmental sustainability, economic sustainability, and social sustainability. The current article, which takes a practical approach to the issue, utilizing the previous research, at first defines economic instruments, and then investigates into the effects of such instruments on the environment, resulting in the urban sustainable development. Moreover, the common methods of valuing natural resources and the experience of some countries are referred to.