commitment

Adolescence is one of the most important periods of development, which may be associated with issues and problems, so it is necessary to take necessary precautions by performing timely interventions. Therefore, the current research was conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of schema therapy and therapy based on acceptance and commitment on behavioral problems.

This study was a quasi-experimental research with a pretest-posttest design and a control group. The statistical population included all male students of senior high schools in Bostanabad City in 2021-2022. Among them, 45 people were selected by purposive sampling and randomly assigned into two experimental and one control groups. The first experimental group received schema therapy and the second experimental group received acceptance and commitment-based therapy as a group, and the control group did not receive any intervention. The research tool used was the Behavioral Problem Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance.

The results of the analysis of covariance showed that the effectiveness of the acceptance and commitment intervention on the three components of conduct disorder, attention problems, anxiety, and withdrawal was significantly higher than the schema therapy intervention (p<0.05).

The present research indicated that the effect of treatment based on acceptance and commitment on behavioral problems is more than schema therapy, and this treatment approach can be used in order to reduce the behavioral problems of adolescents.

The present study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment-based therapy on the lifestyle of improving the health and emotional distress of women undergoing infertility treatment with the in vitro fertilization (IVF) method.

The method of this study was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group and a follow-up stage. The statistical population of the study included women undergoing infertility treatment with the IVF method referring to the infertility center of Imam Khomeini Hospital in Tehran in the first six months of 2012. In this research, 27 women undergoing infertility treatment with IVF method were selected by voluntary sampling method and replaced by random method in test and control groups. The experimental group underwent acceptance and commitment therapy (10 sessions) for two and a half months. A health-promoting lifestyle questionnaire (HPLP) and an emotional distress questionnaire (Lavibond and Lavibond, 1995) were used as research tools. The data were analyzed using a mixed analysis of variance and Bonferroni post hoc test.

It showed that the treatment based on acceptance and commitment to the lifestyle level improves health (Eta = 0.56, F = 19.74) and has a significant effect on the dimensions of emotional disorders such as depression (P < 0.0001, Eta = 0.58, F = 0.58). F = 34), anxiety (P > 0001; Eta = 0.59; F = 35.69), and stress (P > 0.0001; Eta = 0.61; F = 40.12) of women undergoing infertility treatment with the IVF, and has been able to lead to increase a healthy lifestyle, reduce depression, anxiety, and stress in these individuals.

Acceptance and commitment therapy, utilizing six psychological acceptance processes, cognitive breakdown, self under context, interaction with the present, specified values, and committed behavior, can be used as an effective treatment to reduce emotional distress in women undergoing IVF infertility treatment.

Psychological treatments, which consider the role of an individual's internal resources in managing mental disorders, serve as effective interventions, particularly for women with premenstrual dysphoric disorder.

The present study aims to compare the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy and cognitive behavioral hypnotherapy on pain, emotion regulation, and quality of life in women with premenstrual dysphoric disorder.

The research was a quasi-experimental study with a pre and post test and control group. The study population comprised all women with premenstrual dysphoric disorder in Sari. A total of 36 participants were selected through purposive sampling and randomly assigned to three groups namely experimental group 1, experimental group 2, and a control group. The experimental groups underwent eight therapy sessions. The assessment instruments included Garnefski’s Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire, Mohammadian's Pain Scale, and the Premenstrual Symptom Screening Tool. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) and the Bonferroni post-hoc test.

The results indicated no significant difference in pain, emotion regulation, and quality of life between acceptance and commitment therapy and cognitive behavioral hypnotherapy. However, both treatments were effective in improving quality of life, emotion regulation, and pain in women, highlighting the psychological nature of premenstrual dysphoric disorder.

Commitment and acceptance therapy and cognitive behavioral hypnotherapy are effective on pain, emotion regulation and quality of life among the patients with premenstrual dysphoric disorder. It is recommended that these therapies be utilized to enhance pain management, emotion regulation, and quality of life in women with this condition.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. Cancer-related pain and fatigue are some of the most frequent and debilitating consequences that affect the quality of life of these patients. Therefore, this research aimed to compare the effectiveness of Emotional Awareness and Expression Therapy (EAET) and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on cancer-related fatigue and pain intensity in women with breast cancer.

The present study utilized a semi-experimental design featuring a pre-test and post-test and a control group with a two-month follow-up. The study population consisted of women with breast cancer referred to the Mehre Soheila Charity Center in Alborz province. Participants participated in the study with informed consent. Through purposive sampling, 75 eligible individuals were selected and randomly assigned to two experimental groups: awareness and emotional expression therapy (25 individuals) and acceptance and commitment therapy (25 individuals), along with a control group (25 individuals). For each experimental group, the awareness and emotional expression therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy were separately conducted in group sessions over eight sessions of 90 minutes. It was performed as a group therapy between the winter and the spring of 2024, and data was collected through cancer-related fatigue questionnaires and a pain severity scale. The data were analyzed using covariance analysis with repeated measurements.

The results indicated that both therapeutic methods were significantly effective, but awareness and emotional expression therapy had a more significant effect than acceptance and commitment therapy on the overall score of cancer-related pain and fatigue intensity, and this effect continued until the follow-up stage (P < 0.05).

Emotional Awareness and Expression Therapy and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy are effective in reducing pain and fatigue in breast cancer patients. In breast cancer patients, due to the lack of knowledge about the nature of the disease and the determining role of psychological factors in the rate of recovery and the treatment process, it is necessary to provide conditions so that their feelings and emotions are well-regulated and expressed. Therefore, it is recommended that, in addition to drug treatments, health psychologists in therapeutic centers and psychological clinics use treatment based on acceptance and commitment, especially awareness and emotional expression therapy, to help breast cancer patients accept the disease and make efforts to treat it and to release and regulate their emotions and reduce the pain and fatigue caused by the disease.

Low academic performance is a common problem among students. Therefore, the implementation of psychological interventions in this group is of great importance. The aim of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of "Acceptance and Commitment Therapy" on academic buoyancy and psychological capital in students with low academic performance. 

The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test-follow-up design of 2 months with a control group. The statistical population included all female students of the second secondary level of Borujerd city in the academic year of 2023-2024, among them, 30 people were selected by cconvenience sampling method and assigned to the intervention and control groups by simple random assignment. The research instruments included demographic questionnaire, “Academic Buoyancy Scale” and “Psychological Capital Questionnaire". Content validity of instruments was measured by qualitative method and reliability by internal consistency method by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient. After 8 sessions of " Acceptance and Commitment Therapy" for the intervention group, the data were analyzed in SPSS.22. 

" Acceptance and Commitment Therapy” over time has been effective in increasing academic consistency (P=0.01, F=27.21) and psychological capital (P=0.01, F=89.44) in students. 

"Acceptance and Commitment Therapy" was effective in increasing academic persistence and psychological capital of students with low academic performance. It is suggested that in order to increase academic buoyancy and psychological capital, "Acceptance and Commitment Therapy" courses for knowledge Students will be held.

A healthy organization makes greater efforts in dealing with problems to solve them. In these organizations, human resources are also committed and conscientious, and this commitment leads to their loyalty and retention in the organization. Additionally, it can have an impact on the performance of employees. Hospitals are among the important organizations in society, and the performance of their employees can be effective in improving service delivery. The emergency department is one of the important units in the hospital, and the purpose of this study is to investigate the organizational health, commitment, and performance of emergency personnel.

This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on 50 emergency room staff members of Abadan and Khorramshahr hospitals using a convenience sampling method in 2024. The data collection tools were three questionnaires: organizational health, organizational commitment, and emergency performance. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software and descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation), as well as independent t-tests and Pearson's correlation coefficient.

In this study, the majority of the participants were female (54%), had postgraduate education and above (52%), and were married (60%). The average scores for organizational health, organizational commitment, and emergency performance were 2.76 ± 0.33, 63.84 ± 13.84, and 240.44 ± 28.96, respectively. Organizational health and organizational commitment had a positive and significant correlation (r = 0.77, p < 0.0001), but emergency performance was not significantly related to organizational health or organizational commitment (p > 0.05).

Creating a healthy organizational environment can lead to improved employee commitment. When an organization meets the needs of its employees effectively, they become more committed, leading to the promotion and progress of the organization. Therefore, improving the organizational environment is very important.

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is considered a serious problem in educational environments and has significant negative impacts on the psychological well-being of students. The present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of child-centered mindfulness therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy on emotional-cognitive empathy of primary school students with ADHD experiencing bullying.

This semi-experimental study was conducted in 2023 using a pre-test and post-test design with a control group and a two-month follow-up over a six-month period in Isfahan city. A purposive sampling method was employed, and 54 boy students aged 9-11 years meeting the inclusion criteria were randomly assigned to three groups of 18 participants including child-centered mindfulness therapy (N=18), acceptance and commitment therapy (N=18), and a control group (N=18). Data were collected using the child and adolescent empathy questionnaire. Participants in the first group received child-centered mindfulness therapy in 10 60-minute sessions, conducted twice a week, while participants in the second experimental group received acceptance and commitment therapy in 9 60-minute sessions, conducted twice a week. By the end of the study, 15 participants remained in each group. Data analysis was performed using repeated measures ANOVA and Bonferroni post-hoc tests, utilizing SPSS software version 26.

The results indicated that both child-centered mindfulness therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy were effective in enhancing emotional empathy (p<0/05) and cognitive empathy (p<0/05).This effectiveness was also maintained at the follow-up stage (p< 0/05). However, no significant differences were observed between the effectiveness of the interventions (p>0/05).

The results of this study indicated that both child-centered mindfulness therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy significantly affected emotional and cognitive empathy in students with ADHD and can be utilized by therapists.

The epidemic of coronavirus disease and the implementation of preventive policies have had a tremendous psychological and physical impact on society, and in recent years, the prevalence of mental and psychological problems among young people has increased significantly. Some researchers have reported its rate among people under 20 years to be 75%. The results have shown that the onset of mental health issues between the ages of 12 and 24 is associated with several disorders that will continue for the following years of life. In addition, some have stated that issues and problems in the field of mental health are the main cause of physical diseases in teenagers and young adults. These problems have become more severe since the coronavirus disease epidemics began. Based on this, the present study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of treatment based on acceptance and commitment on coronavirus anxiety and death anxiety in adolescent girls with coronavirus.

The method of the present study was quasi–experimental with a pretest–posttest design and a control group. The statistical population included all teenage girls inflicted with coronavirus living in Yazd City, Iran, in 2021–2022. Of them, 30 volunteers were included in the study based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Then, they were randomly assigned to two groups of 15 people: experimental and control. The inclusion criteria were as follows: girls inflicted with coronavirus in Yazd City, participation in training sessions, participants' willingness and written consent, not suffering from psychological disorders and chronic physical diseases, not participating in other counseling and therapy groups at the same time, and ability to answer questionnaires. The exclusion criteria were as follows: absence of more than two sessions from the protocol sessions of acceptance and commitment therapy, lack of trust in the group, unwillingness to continue cooperation, not completing the questionnaires, not completing the tasks included in the protocol of acceptance and commitment therapy, and the therapist's diagnosis that the subject got hurt by the group. Data were obtained using the Corona Disease Anxiety Scale (Alipour et al., 2020) and the Death Anxiety Scale (Templer, 1970) before and after the implementation of the program Commitment and Acceptance Therapy (Hayes et al., 2011). The experimental group underwent Acceptance and Commitment Therapy during 8 sessions of 60 minutes (two sessions per week), and the control group did not receive any intervention. The data obtained were analyzed using descriptive statistics, including mean, standard deviation, frequency, and percentage, and inferential statistics using univariate covariance analysis and independent t test in SPSS version 23 software. The significance level of the tests was set at 0.05.

Results of univariate covariance analysis showed that acceptance and commitment therapy was effective in reducing coronavirus anxiety (p<0.001) and death anxiety (p<0.001) in adolescent girls. According to the obtained value of the eta coefficient for coronavirus anxiety and death anxiety, it can be said that 0.337 of the variance of coronavirus anxiety and 0.417 of the variance of death anxiety was related to the effect of acceptance and commitment therapy.

Based on the results of the research, acceptance and commitment therapy affects reducing coronavirus anxiety and death anxiety. Therefore, this treatment program can be used to empower female teenagers and reduce the anxiety of coronavirus and death.

Rheumatoid arthritis is one of the autoimmune diseases and has a chronic and progressive course. In addition to physical problems and disabilities, this disease has social and psychological consequences. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of schema therapy with acceptance and commitment-based therapy on pain indicators (severity/acceptance) in people with rheumatoid arthritis.

The present study was a semi-experimental design of pre-test-post-test type with two experimental groups (schema therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy) and a control group with a 3-month follow-up test. The statistical population of this research included all the people suffering from rheumatoid arthritis under regular drug treatment who had filed a case in Loqman hospital in Tehran during 1401-1402 due to mechanical and non-inflammatory pains. The sampling method in this research was firstly targeted sampling and 60 people (20 people in each group) were selected as a sample. The standard pain intensity questionnaires of Quebec et al. (1995) and pain acceptance questionnaires by McCracken and Wells (2004) were used to collect data. Mixed analysis with repeated measurements with SPSS version 25 software was used for data analysis.

The results showed that the effectiveness of treatment based on acceptance and commitment on pain indicators was more than schema therapy.

In order to improve the pain indicators of patients with rheumatoid arthritis, it is suggested to use schema therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy.

Although some researches indicate that cognitive-behavioral therapy is more effective than other treatments, but the need to compare cognitive-behavioral therapy with an approach such as acceptance and commitment-based therapy can be seen in reducing health anxiety.

The study aimed to compare the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy and acceptance and commitment-based therapy on health anxiety in nurses.

The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test-follow-up design and a control group. The statistical population of this study included all the nurses of Hazrat Rasool Akram Hospital in Tehran in the spring of 2023, and 45 of them were selected by purposeful sampling and randomly assigned to 2 intervention and one control group. The research tools included a demographic questionnaire and a "Health Anxiety Inventory". After conducting 8 sessions of "cognitive-behavioral therapy" and 8 sessions of "acceptance and commitment-based therapy" for the intervention groups, the data were analyzed in SPSS software version 24.

"Cognitive behavioral therapy" and "acceptance and commitment-based therapy" were effective on health anxiety in the intervention groups (P=0.001). The mean difference in health anxiety in "cognitive-behavioral therapy" groups, "acceptance and commitment-based therapy" and control groups (P<0.01) as well as "cognitive-behavioral therapy" and "acceptance and commitment based therapy" groups (P<0.05) was significant.

The results showed that cognitive-behavioral therapy and acceptance and commitment-based therapy are effective in improving nurses' health anxiety but cognitive-behavioral therapy is more effective. It is suggested that health officials and professionals hold empowerment courses with a cognitive-behavioral approach or acceptance and commitment-based therapy.

The aim of the present study was to the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on negative emotion regulation, distress tolerance, and psychological flexibility of women with migraine.

The current research design was semi-experimental and pre-test-post-test-follow-up with a control group. This clinical trial was conducted on women aged 20-50 with migraine who were referred to public and private treatment centers in Ahvaz in 2022 (N=100). Using the sampling formula, 72 people were selected as the sample size and were randomly replaced into two treatment groups based on acceptance and commitment and the control group (36 people in each group). The present study was one-way blind so that the data analyst knew how to allocate the studied groups. The research tools were Garneffsky et al.'s Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (2002), Dennis and Vanderwaal's Cognitive Flexibility Inventory (2011), and Simon and Gaher's Distress Tolerance Questionnaire (2005). Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance.

The findings showed that the approach based on acceptance and commitment treatment increased emotional regulation, distress tolerance, and psychological flexibility of women with migraine (P< 0.05). Also, the results of the follow-up phase showed that the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy in increasing emotional regulation, distress tolerance, and psychological flexibility of women with migraine was stable.

The results emphasize the importance of using acceptance and commitment therapy in improving the emotional regulation, distress tolerance, and psychological flexibility of women with migraine headaches.

The aim purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of treatment on acceptance and acceptance on forgiveness, mood deficiency and loneliness in betrayed women.

The research method was a quasi-experimental using pre-test, post-test and experimental and control group. The statistical population of this study consisted of all women affected by infidelity who referred to counseling centers in Qom (Fardai Roshan and Shamim Counseling Center). The sampling method was voluntarily and with random replacement; In this way, 30 women were selected among the women affected by infidelity who referred to the mentioned centers, and then randomly and based on the list of names, they were randomly assigned to two experimental and control group. Loneliness Questionnaire (Russell, 1996), the Toronto Alexithymia Questionnaire (Taylor, 1986) and the Forgiveness Questionnaire (Pollard et al., 1998) were used.

The data were analyzed by multivariate covariance test and mixed analysis of variance with repeated measurement design and the squared value of eta indicates the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on the variables of forgiveness, alexithymia and lonely feeling.

As a result, the findings of this research confirmed the role and efficacy of education based on acceptance and commitment in reducing unforgiveness and emotional inadequacy and feelings of loneliness of betrayed spouses.

High-risk behaviors are one of the challenges faced by adolescents and mental and social health care providers. The present study was conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of schema therapy and treatment based on acceptance and commitment to high-risk behaviors.

The current research was a semi-experimental research with a pre-test-post-test design and a control group. The statistical population included all male students in the second year of high school in Bostanabad city. Among them, 45 people were selected by purposive sampling and randomly assigned to two experimental groups and one control group. The instrument used in the research is the high-risk behavior questionnaire of adolescents, which was designed and psychometrically evaluated by Zadeh Mohammadi in 2007.

There was a significant difference in the effectiveness of schema therapy and therapy based on acceptance and commitment to high-risk behaviors (p<0.05). According to the results of the present study, the effect of acceptance and commitment therapy on high-risk behaviors and in the three components of dangerous driving, friendship with the opposite sex, and sexual relationship and behavior is more than schema therapy.

It is suggested that the treatment based on acceptance and commitment be taught to school counselors as an effective strategy and that school counselors use these strategies in their interventions.

The purpose of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of meta-diagnostic therapy and therapy based on acceptance and commitment on mental rumination and emotional exhaustion of divorced female heads of households.

Methods and Materials:

 semi-experimental research method with a pre-test, post-test and follow-up design with two experimental groups and a control group and a statistical population including all divorced female heads of the household in Isfahan city in 1402, which was selected by available sampling method of 45 people And they were randomly placed in two experimental groups (acceptance and commitment treatment group of 15 people and extra diagnostic treatment group of 15 people) and control group (15 people). Then, 8 sessions of 90 minutes were given to the experimental group of acceptance and commitment therapy, and 8 sessions of 90 minutes were given to the experimental group of extra diagnostic therapy. In addition, there was no intervention for the control group. Data collection tools included Nolen-Hoeksema and Moro (1991) mental rumination questionnaire, Maslach and Jackson (1981) emotional exhaustion questionnaire. The data was analyzed by the statistical method of analysis of variance with repeated measurements.

The results showed that there was a significant difference between the mean scores of the post-test and the follow-up test of the variable of mental rumination and the mean scores of the post-test of emotional exhaustion, and the treatment based on acceptance and commitment was more effective than the extra-diagnostic treatment on reducing Divorced women had mental rumination and worry.

Acceptance and commitment therapy and transdiagnostic therapy by teaching appropriate methods of dealing with emotional issues have increased the adaptive strategies of divorced female heads of households to regulate emotions and have improved the level of mental health and reduced mental rumination and emotional exhaustion, and this has led to the experience there are fewer physiological and emotional disorders.

the chronic nature, tiring treatments and debilitating and threatening complications of diabetes affect the physical, mental, social, life expectancy and death anxiety of the affected person, so the present study aims to determine the effectiveness of treatment based on acceptance and A commitment was made to the life expectancy and death anxiety of patients with type 2 diabetes.

The current research method was a semi-experimental pre-test-post-test type with a control group and a follow-up period. The statistical population includes all patients with type 2 diabetes with deceased relatives who visited Milad specialized and sub-specialized hospitals in the second six months of 2022, 30 eligible people were selected by purposive sampling method and by simple random sampling (paired sampling method) or the person inside the box) were placed in two groups (15 people in the test group and 15 people in the control group). The data collection tools included life expectancy questionnaires by Schneider et al. (1991) and death anxiety questionnaires by Templer and Ruff (1971). The intervention group was subjected to group intervention in eight 90-minute face-to-face sessions over a period of two months, and the control group received the normal intervention. In order to analyze the data, SPSS version 22 software and the analysis of variance test with repeated measurements between groups were used, observing the statistical assumptions.

The results showed that there was a difference between the average scores of life expectancy and death anxiety of patients with type 2 diabetes in the post-test and follow-up stages compared to the pre-test stage, and these results remained stable until the follow-up stage (P<0.01); Therefore, the treatment based on acceptance and commitment improved the life expectancy and reduced the death anxiety of patients with type 2 diabetes.

Based on the results of this study, therapists and health care providers can use acceptance and commitment therapy as an effective treatment method in improving the health and psychological status of patients with type 2 diabetes.

Moral distress is consecutively observed as a result of moral decisions in nurses. Increasing commitment to professional ethics codes and rituals can help nurses in making ethical decisions. This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between nurses' moral distress and their commitment to professional ethics code among nurses working in Arak, 2023.پ

Methods & Materials:

 In this descriptive-analytical study, 135 nurses from the selected hospitals of Arak, including Valiasr Hospital, Taleghani Hospital, and Amirul Mominin Hospital, were selected on a quota basis and available in 2023. Corelli's moral distress tool (2002) and measuring nurses' performance according to Pour Zanjani et al.'s nursing code of ethics (2013) were used to collect data. The data were analyzed after being collected by descriptive and inferential tests with SPSS software version 26.

In this research, 73.3% of the samples were male and 26.7% were female with an average age of 33.5±18.65 years. The majority of nurses were employed in the emergency department and 88.9% had a bachelor's degree. The results showed that the level of moral distress in half of the nurses was high. In this study, there was an inverse and significant relationship between nurses' moral distress and compliance with professional ethics (p < 0.001, r = -0.425). The results showed that the lowest level of commitment and performance to the professional ethics of nurses was in the dimension of education and research.

The findings of the present study showed that the average level of moral distress in nurses was not at the desired level, and the increase in moral distress is related to the decrease in commitment to the rules of professional ethics. Therefore, it is suggested that the managers of medical centers pay more attention to the implementation of professional ethics by nurses.