جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « ماهی سفید » در نشریات گروه « دامپزشکی »

Nucleotides (NT) are known as semi- or conditionally essential nutrients which might occasionally become essential in pathological and stress conditions that demand intense nucleic acid and protein synthesis.

A feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of NT supplementation on growth performance and stress resistance of fry kutum (Rutilus kutum).

A basal diet was supplemented with 0 (control), 0.3, 0.5, and 0.7 g NT kg-1 to formulate four experimental diets. After eight weeks of feeding trial, the growth parameters were evaluated and then fish exposed to osmotic stress. To elucidate the underlying physiological mechanisms, cortisol and HSP70 levels were measured at selected times of 0, 2h, 8h, and 24h after the osmotic shock.

According to the results of growth parameters after eight weeks of feeding trial, fish fed diet with 0.7 g NT kg-1 had the highest final weight and DGR compared with the other treatments (P<0.05). However, no significant differences were observed concerning FCR, SGR, CF, and PER between the treatments (P>0.05). The results of HSP70 revealed that fish fed with NT had higher levels of HSP70 expression. Additionally, the levels of HSP70 at 2h increased significantly by 3-7-folds over the baseline levels (0h), and then decreased significantly at 24h; however, HSP70 levels at 24h was 1-3-fold over the baseline levels. The findings of cortisol showed that Cortisol values were significantly affected by dietary NT levels (P<0.05) and lower stress-induced cortisol and glucose elevation were observed in all the NT groups compared to the control group. Moreover, plasma cortisol levels reached a significant peak 2h after the salinity stress. This value decreased significantly after 8h, returning to the pre-stress levels by 24h (P>0.05).

Our data indicated that NT administration promoted growth performance and increased the ability of resistance to osmotic stress during freshwater to seawater transfer in fry kutum.

Ligula intestinalis worm is the cause of ligolosis. It is the most common parasitic infection of freshwater fish in most parts of the world and causes many economic losses including weight loss, fertility decline and mortality in baby fish. Therefore, taking measures to diagnose and control it become very important, in breeding pools and fish farms management. The adult Ligula intestinalis worm can be found in the small intestine of the angry birds and the larva stage of the worm (plerocercoid) in the abdominal cavity of fish. The aim of this study was to detect Ligula intestinalis parasitic infection in river whitefish in Alborz dam, Mazandaran Province. To this end, in September 2016, 60 fish of the species were captured randomly and referred to the laboratory for morphometric and parasitic examination. The results showed that all fish caught were infected. Since Ligula intestinalis plerocercoid can reduce or not fertilize young fish, it is essential. to consider strategies to combat this parasite.

Monogeniasis is one of the most common diseases that happen by a species of Monogenean parasite in the gills and skins of many farmed and wild fish and it is seen in all age of them. In this research that it was done on December 2012, caught 33 white fish (Rutilus frisii kutum) weight 190- 1200 g and length 20-40.5 cm from the southern coast of the Caspian Sea in province of Mazandaran (Sari) were examined. Gill arch in 10% fixed formalin and by using standard histological methods, 5 µ tissue sections of samples were taken and by hematoxylin - eosin method they were staining. After studying tissue losses which were caused by parasites, chloride cells number and their size were couned and measured through optical microscope. Monogenea were identified from Dactylogyridae and Diplozoidae families. Mean infection intensity and frequency to parasites of Dactylogyridae and Diplozoidae families were respectively (118 , 100%) (4.53 , 78.78%). The observed loss included: filaments demolition and adhesion of gill lamellae, epithelial cells hypertrophy and hyperplasia of gill blades, separating the epithelium from the basement membrane of blades, the incidence of aneurysm and clubbing mode.The results showed that total chloride cells number in the presence of parasites decreased but there weren,t any changes in their size. There was a strong and significant inverse correlation relationship between parasites density and total number of these cells.

Heavy metal pollution in marine environments and the potential for bioaccumulation of contaminants have been considered as a serious threat for a long time. These contaminants accumulate in fish body and then transferred through the food chain to humans. The aim of this study was to determine the heavy metals cadmium, lead, arsenic, mercury and copper and iron metals in muscle and fish oil (Rutilus frisii kutum ،Clupeonella cultriventris ،Liza saliens). Three samples of Rutilus frisii kutum ،Clupeonella cultriventris and Liza saliens were caught in Mahmoud Abad area. One part of the muscle was dried by freeze drying method and another part was used to extract the oil. Then, using the atomic absorption spectrometric and Mercury Analyzer heavy metals concentrations were determined in muscle and fish oil. The results of muscle showed the highest accumulation of mercury (0.347±0.018), cadmium (0.08±0.001), copper (1.2156±0.059) and iron (2.643±0.231) in Rutilus frisii kutum and the highest level of lead (0.3593±0.015) and arsenic (0.0892±0.001) in Liza saliens. Moreover, in the fish oils samples, lead and mercury had the highest concentrations. The heavy metals in the samples were lower than or close to international standards. Therefore, their use does not pose a health problem for the consumers.

The aim of this study was to determine Lead and Zinc contamination in the muscle andliver tissues of Cyprinus carpio, Liza auratus and Rutilus frisii kuttom in 2010. Thirty six samples were obtained randomly from Tehran Sarcheshmeh market. According to the results, the mean concentrations of Pb andZn in the liver and muscles samples were 2.19±0.58 143.86±12.61 mg/Kg, respectively. This indicated a significant (P<0.05). Moreover, highest concentration of Pb (6.63±0.15 mg/Kg) and Zn 319.66±3.05 mg/Kg) was found in the liver of Liza auratus. Meanwhile, the lowest concentration of Pb (0.41±0.11 mg/Kg) and Zn (10.80±1.50 mg/Kg) was determined in the muscle of Cyprinus carpio. The determined mean concentration of Pb and Zn in the liver and muscle of Caspian Sea fishes 2.19±0.58 and 143.86±12.61 mg/Kg. Data revealed that the concentrations of Pb and Zn were above the acceptable limit determined by NHMRC, UKMAFF and FDA.

Normal values for serum parameters are of great importance in clinical evaluation and diagnosis of diseases in different species, including aquatic animals. In order to determine the normal values for some serum enzymes in Caspian roach, blood samples were collected from peduncles of 25 male and 25 female fish, captured from Tajan river. Following separation of the serum, the values for ALT, AST, ALP, CPK and LDH were determined. In addition to measuring the normal values for the whole population, the values in the male and the female were statistically compared. Possible correlations between different studied parameters in the whole population, as well as within each sex, were also studied. Accordingly, the normal values for the whole population were: AST: 455/00±375-561.3, ALT: 20/00±15.5±34.5, ALP: 101.5±79-150.5, CPK: 241.5±39.5-655/00, LDH: 2163±1701-2727 IU/L. The serum values for ALT, AST and ALP were significantly higher in the male. A significant negative correlation existed between CPK and LDH in both sexes. In the whole population, the values for ALT had significant correlations with those of AST and ALP. The values for ALP and AST were also significantly correlated. The current results provide valuable information regarding the normal values for some serum enzymes in Caspian roach

The proteins in fish، as well as other aquatic animals has nowadays become an important and complete protein sources in many people’s diets around the world and as a results، there has been a growing interest to protect and ensure the health of this important food source. Heavy metals due to their specific physical and chemical characteristics as well as their effects on various ecosystems are considered as a major contaminator of marine environments. Therefore determining the level of heavy metals in water and aquatic species، as a link in the food chain of human beings، is of a great importance. In this study، levels of some heavy metals were evaluated، using flame atomic absorption spectroscopy technique، in tissues of two commonly consumed fish in Iran namely Rutilus frisii kutum and Cyprinus carpio collected from the coastal waters of the Mazandaran Province، Caspian Sea. The average concentration of Ni and Cr were detected as (μg g-1) dry weight of Rutilus frisii kutum’s tissues: 1. 68 0. 28 and 0. 65 0. 12 (Mean Standard Error) respectively. These values for Cyprinus carpio were detected as: 1. 47 0. 22 and 0. 74 0. 19 (Mean Standard Error). These values were compared with the World Health Organization (WHO) safety reference standard regarding the amount of the above mentioned heavy metals in fish’s tissues. These values were compared with the WHO safety standards regarding the amount of the above mentioned heavy metals in fish tissues. Based on the results of this study، the concentration of Ni and Cr in the studied fish tissues proved to be much higher than international standards with a reliability of P<0. 05. The results show that the pollution in the water of this region are because of these heavy metals.

Reference values of serum parameters are important markers in health evaluation and diagnosis of diseases, as well as in controlling biological processes in aquatic animals. The aim of this research was to determine the reference values of biochemical factors in breeding Rutilus frisii kutum. Blood samples were collected from captured fish from Tajan River. Serum levels of glucose, BUN, creatinine, cholesterol, triglyceride, direct bilirubin, total protein, albumin, calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), sodium (Na), and potassium (K) were measured. The serum levels of different biochemical values in males and females were as follows: Na for males 387.1±11.5 mmol/L, and females 420.7±7.1 mmol/L; K for males 39.9±10.6 mmol/L, and for females 37.9±7.4 mmol/L; P for males 19.2±1.0 mg/dl, and females 28.9±2.8 mg/dl; Ca for males 15.9±1.5mg/dl, and for females 21.6±1.0 mg/dl; glucose for males 209.8±23.2 mg/dl, and for females 83.8±11.3mg/dl; cholesterol for males, 472.6±23.6mg/dl, and for females 306.6±22.9 mg/dl; triglyceride for males 393±23.3mg/dl, and for females 275.1±9.2mg/dl; total bilirubin for males 0.4±0.02mg/dl, and for females 0.3±0.02mg/dl; direct bilirubin for males 0.1±0.03mg/dl, and for females 0.1±0.02mg/dl; BUN for males 22.3±1.0mg/dl, and for females 24.1±1.1mg/dl; creatinine for males 0.5±0.1mg/dl, and for females 0.7±0.1 (mg/dl); total protein for males 5.8±0.5g/dl, and for females 4.4±0.5g/dl; albumin for males 3.3±0.2g/dl, and for females 3.0±0.2 (g/dl). The current results indicate that there are significant differences in serum values of glucose, cholesterol, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, triglyceride, phosphorus, sodium and calcium between males and females. The serum levels of cholesterol, triglyceride (p<0.001), glucose, total bilirubin (p<0.01) and direct bilirubin (p<0.05) in males, and those of phosphorus, calcium (p<0.01) and sodium (p<0.05) in females were significantly higher as compared to the opposite sexes. It can be concluded that the studied parameters may be affected by physiological factors such as the sex of fish.

In this study, levels of Cadmium, Lead, Arsenic and Mercury heavy metals, which are required by the WHO and The UNFAO to be determined in sea food, were evaluated using flame atomic absorption spectroscopy technique, in tissues of two commonly consumed fish in Iran namely Rutilus frisii kutum and Cyprinus carpio collected from the south coastline of the Caspian Sea. The average concentration of Cd, Pb, As and Hg, were detected as (μg g-1) dry weight of Rutilus frisii kutum’s tissues: 1.21 0.30, 2.57 1.31, 0.15 0.08 and 0.34 0.01 respectively. These values for Cyprinus carpio were detected as: 1.35 0.40, 2.49 0.20, 0.30 0.03 and 0.30 0.01 (Mean Standard Error). These values were compared with the WHO and the UNFAO safety standards regarding the amount of the above mentioned heavy metals in fish tissues. Based on the results of this study, the concentration of Cadmium and Lead in the studied fish tissues proved to be much higher than international standards with a reliability of P<0.05. The results show that the pollution in the water of this region are because of these heavy elements.