Qualitative and quantitative comparison of essential oil of different ecotypes of Teucrium polium grown in Lorestan Province

Teucrium polium is herbaceous، persistent and belongs to Lamiaceae family، Teucrium genus. Average plant height ranged from 10 to 40 cm. This plant contains compounds such as Terpenoide، Sapounin، Esterool، Flavenoied and Loukoantosianin and has antibacterial، but not significant antifungal، properties. Reduction in cholesterol، triglyceride and blood pressure، antioxidant، antifever، antipain، antiolseri and antispasmodic are among its medicinal properties. In this study some flowering branches of different ecotypes of Teucrium polium were selected by random systematic method. The essential oil was extracted by distillated water using the Clevenger method. Chemical compounds of essential oil were identified by GC and GC/MS، and the obtained data were analysis by SPSS ver. 19. The data showed that there was significant difference between the amount of essential oil in different ecotypes of Teucrium polium، also there was significant difference (1%) between identified compounds into essential oils in different ecotypes. The main extracted compounds were: Germacrene- D، Farnesene-cis-b، -caryophyllene، Carvacrol،-pinene، bicyclogermacrene. The results showed that four species of Teucrium were predominant in Lorestan province including: Teucrium orientale، Teucrium polium، Teucrium melissoides، Teucrium stocksianum. Also the results showed that Kharramabad ecotype was higher in oil yield (0. 6%) and number of essential compounds. The main compounds extracted in Kharramabad were: cavacrol،bicyclogermacrene، -pinene، -caryophyllene، farnesene-cis-b. So Khorramabad ecotype is suggested as a priority for production.