Good Governance and Effective Management of Iranian Provinces

Given to the mosaic identity of states around the world, they have experienced different models for good spatial governance. Even now some states regardless of existence and non-existence of potential ethnic tensions are looking ways of good governance of space and multi-ethnic geography. Until now 5 models including centralization, federalism, consociationalism, decentralization, and territorial autonomy have been tested in several countries. In this article, the similarities and differences of these models and their benefits and shortcomings in application on Iran are analyzed in an analytic-historic perspective. The findings indicated that it is not possible to consider any of them as panacea and their success depends on the historical developments and the process of democracy. About Iran, it is argued that just the decentralization model can be applied and other models are inapplicable on this country. But it requires that in City Councils the law to be modified, the mayors to be elected directly by people, the law on Iranian Principle 44 of Constitution to be executed effectively and the structure of budgeting in Iran to be modified in favor of the regions.