Iraqid Qaraonas and thier part in the Ilkanied evolutions

New groups of independent forces were created by Chinese- Mongols bureaucracy In the Mongol era. These groups played key roles in Ilkhanid and Teimurid period endeavors. These forces are called “Gharaonas’’ in Persian sources. In this research، we attempt to reveal the quality and the identity of socio – political life of the “Gharaonas’’ especially its branch that inhabited in the outskirts of the Ilkhanied territories near Baghdad. For distinguishing between two sectors of Gharaonas forces، the Iraqui and the Khorasani activities and their traditional differences are investigated. We can find the influence of the Iraqui Gharaonas during many of local events in Ilkhanid era in Iran. Their presence in local struggles is of importance. In Herat they are presented as Negoderians who were at the local rulers’ intellectual service. The traces of their activities are found in Teimuri era as well Teimurid period.