Islamic Awakening and Typology of Changes in the Ikhwan Discourse

Since its establishment in 1928, the Muslim Brotherhood, or al-Ikhwan al-Muslimin, has experienced ebb and flow, and faced many challenges. The formation of the movement is reflected in the mainstream of social, political and economic structure of the Egyptian society at that time. The Ikhwan has been influenced by its critical environment including colonial influence in the Islamic countries, unsatisfied financial situation and many forms of discrimination. Meanwhile, the recent victories of Islamists in parliamentary and presidential elections are the symbols of their advances in the Egypt’s social and political arenas. The Muslim Brotherhood, regarded as the oldest and one of the most important Islamic movements in the Muslim world which has experienced different changes in the typology of their philosophy from radicalism to reformism and conservatism. This paper tries to explain different aspects of these variations and the reasons behind them.