Evaluation of antibacterial effects of aquatic and ethanolic extracts of Malva neglecta & Silver nanoparticle on Staphylococus aureus and Salmonella typhimurium in Invivo and Invitro

Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhimurium are an important cause of community and hospital acquired. infections caused by methicillin resistant S. aureus are mainly nosocomial and are increasing in all around the world. Many attempts have been made by the researchers to find new compounds as an appropriate substitute for these antibiotics. The aim of this study is evaluation and comparison of antibacterial activity of Malva neglecta extracts and nanosilver particles against resistant Staphylococus aureus and Salmonella typhimurium. In this study aquatic and ethanolic extracts of Malva neglecta leaves prepared, and MIC and MBC of extracts and nanosilver particles for Staphylococus aureus and Salmonella typhimurium calculated with broth macrodilution and agar well diffusion methods. In animal model study, 5×105 CFU/ml of eacth bacteia was inoculated intraperitoneally and after 24 h, 0.5 cc (as MBC concentration of each extracts and nanosilver particles) of each Malva neglecta extracts and nanosilver particles inoculate i.p to female BALB/c mice. Then, the count of baceria in spleen were determined on Muller-Hinton agar after 7 days as the standard protocol. Results indicated that MIC and MBC of Malva neglecta aquatic extract for Staphylococus aureus were 3.2 and 6.5 mg/ml and for ethanolic extract were 6.5 and 13 mg/ml and for nanosilver particles were 6.2 and 12.5 ppm, respectively and MIC and MBC of Malva neglecta aquatic and ethanolic extracts for Salmonella typhimurium were equal to 52.2 and 104.5 mg/ml and for nanosilver particles were 12.5 and 25 ppm, respectively. The in vivo average grown Staphylococus aureus 24 hours after of culture of spleen supernatant for aquatic and ethanolic extracts were 3×103 CFU/ml and 2×104 CFU/ml and for nanosilver particles were 300CFU/ml, respectively in comparison with control group (3×107 CFU/ml). Also this in vivo results for Salmonella typhimurium were 6×103 CFU/ml and 7×104 CFU/ml for aquatic and ethanolic extracts for nanosilver particles were 500 CFU/ml, respectively in comparison with control group (4×108 CFU/ml). Conclotion: Overally in vitro and animal model the results indicated that aquatic extract of Malva neglecta and nanosilver particles were shown the most effective antimicrobial activity on Staphylococus aureus and Salmonella typhimurim in comparison with ethanolic extract and they can be useful in production of new drugs.