Studing and Analising the Chivalry Discourse of Islam History during the 4th. to 8th Centuries A.H.

In the history of Islam, chivalry in the political – social arenas and based on time and place circumstances had a mobile sense and numerous discourses and this issue have caused different ideas of the historians and researchers on the aims and goals of chivalries. Since chivalry was most relied on people and texture of the society, it gradually changed from an individual sense to a social sense and discourse. Chivalry, by Spreading in the social arena and Islamic regions, entered to new stage in fourth century A.H. and through flexibility in front of social and political changes and with tendency to mental and religious sects such as the Sufis, Malamateh, Shiites and Sunnites found recent aspects. Each group and each path, with religious tendencies and common and different phases, had own special chivalry and discourse. This issue has reflected somewhat in the references and chivalry books. These groups, corresponding to their own aims and believes, have benefited from moral patterns of chivalry and have affected on subjective and objective perspectives. This issue was affective on theoretical and practical aspects of chivalry, so that it changed to a political institution in sixth century A.H. dispite the political change resulted from the fall of Abbasid caliphate, chiraly continued and developed in the age of the Mongols and the Ilkhanids and changed from a political institution and discourse to a Sufis moral – trade political institution and discourse and in this age the chivalry discourse appeared very useful. Since the discourses of chivalry were equivalent, they absolutely cannot be determined. This paper, Regarding the importance of the subject, the paper aims with a descriptive-analytic method to study the Sufi chivalry discourses in the history of Islam during 4th to 8th centuries A.H.