Distribution of Blood Groups (ABO) between Symptomatic & Asymptomatic Human Leishmania Infantum Infection in Human

According to the hypothesis that leishmania parasites can be escaped from immune system covered by blood group antigens (ABO) to prevent its recognition by the immune system. The aim of this study was to show the associated blood groups with symptomatic or asymptomatic visceral leishmaniasis due to Leishmania infantum in human. In this cross-sectional study the population was divided into two groups. The first group included 54 patients with kala-azar (antibody against Leishmania titers ≥1:3200 by TDA with clinical specificity) and the second group consisted of 45 subjects infected with Leishmania infantum (Leishmania antibody titers of1:800 and 1:1600 by DAT method and non-specific symptoms). The distribution of the 4 main blood groups ABO type، sex، age، presence or absence of symptoms، clinical signs، and response to Glucantim therapy and DAT results were evaluated. Data were analyzed by chi-square test. Most of the patients in group 1 were blood group A (37%) and the lowest number of blood group were B (12. 8%). In the second group، most of the ABO blood group A (42. 2%) and lowest in the ABO blood group AB (8. 9%). There was no significant association between blood groups and clinical symptoms (p>0. 05). This study showed that there is no association between blood group and incidence of symptomatic and asymptomatic kala-azar.