The Background of the Relationship between Science and Religion in Islam and the West

The relationship between science and religion is among the most important issues, which has been the special concern of Muslim and western thinkers. As a result of the increasing development of the natural sciences many questions are raised about the relationship of these sciences with religion. An acquaintance with this issue can play a very influential role in examining the relationship between science and religion. Using descriptive-analytical method and taking into account the challenging contexts of the issue of science and religion in the western world and its historical trend until this century, the present paper concludes that although this issue first developed in the West for different reasons, Muslims have dealt with it from a different perspective and under the title of "the relationship between intellect and religion", and the issue of the relationship between science and religion as discussed in Christian world has been dealt with by Muslim thinkers, not as an issue in itself but as an imported one. In addition, this issue is discussed in the Muslim world mostly in terms of the relationship between the human sciences and religion.