Dietary patterns and prostate cancer: A case-control study

Diet may be associated with the risk of prostate cancer. The present study examined the association between dietary patterns and the risk of prostate cancer. In this study، 50 subjects with prostate cancer and 100 control subjects underwent face-to-face interviews. The dietary intake of the participants were assessed for one year using a valid and reliable semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Factor analysis was used to detect dietary patterns. SPSS version 16 was used to analyze the data. Two major dietary patterns were defined in this population: the western diet (high in sweets and desserts، organ meat، snacks، tea and coffee، French fries، salt، carbonated drinks، red or processed meat) and the healthy diet (high in legumes، fish، dairy products، fruits and fruit juice، vegetables، boiled potatoes، whole cereal، eggs). The healthy and western pattern scores were divided into two categories based on medians. The higher healthy diet pattern scores were significantly related to a decreased risk of prostate cancer (high 2nd median vs. low 1st median، OR = 4. 0، 95% CI = 1. 5-11. 0). An increased risk of prostate cancer was observed for the western diet pattern scores (high 2nd median vs. low 1st median، OR = 0. 4، 95% CI = 0. 2-1. 0). Two major dietary patterns were defined in this study. It was shown that men with a western dietary pattern had an increased probability of prostate cancer and men with a healthy dietary pattern had a decreased probability of prostate cancer.