Negation as a process of signification in literary discourse

Negation has long been the subject of study in different fields، especially philosophy، logic and specifically linguistics. Semiotics، as a general thought and as a branch of science connected to the area of semantics، relates negation to signification. If there appears positivity from the signification process، then the primary mutation has occurred by the help of a negative source. A wide variety of theories and approaches has so far been proposing with regard to negation; these differences are justifiable for the complexity of negation itself. The present work is an attempt to show that the development of a discourse in fact implies the emergence of relativity. In other words، from the viewpoint of semiotics، negativity is an inevitable part in the process of signification; through enaction of negation on the sense and formless meaning، on the one hand، and by implementation of negation on the first difference، on the other، which in turn causes the emergence of signification. Therefore، this paper tries to examine the notion of negation and its role in the analysis of the process of signification through literary discourses، French and Persian. We also want to find out how a discourse is made by negation. In other words، the present work aims at describing the different functions of negation and، hence، exploring the role it plays in the production of signification in a literary discourse. Keywords: Negation، difference، semiotics، literal discourse، signification.