Effect of cognitive-behavioral intervention on adherence to dietary and fluid-intake restrictions in hemodialysis patients

Adherence to dietary and fluid-intake restrictions is an important factor in the treatment of patients with chronic renal disease. Using intervention strategies such as patient education and cognitive–behavioral therapy can improve adherence to dietary and fluid restrictions in hemodialysis patients. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of cognitive-behavioral intervention on adherence to dietary and fluid-intake restrictions in hemodialysis patients. This clinical trial conducted in Emam Reza and Valiasr Hospitals in the year 2013. Then 70 patients aging from 20 to 60 years recruited randomly into the study and were assigned into two groups: intervention (N=35 on even days) and control (N=35 on odd days). In the intervention group، cognitive-behavioral process performed after the following six steps: 1- Identifying the problem، 2- Creating confidence and commitment، 3- Increasing awareness of behavior، 4- Developing and implementing the action plan، 5- evaluation of the planed design، 6- Maintaining the desired behavior and prevention of undesirable one. Adherence to dietary and fluid-intake restrictions were assessed by using self-report questionnaire، in two stages (pre-test and post-test). Data analysis was performed by SPSS software version 16 and independent t-test. Significant level of study was 0. 05. Before the test، there was no significant difference in terms of adherence to diet (p=0. 47) and fluid restriction (p=0. 43). At post-test، significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of adherence to dietary (p<0. 001) and fluid restriction (p<0. 001). Cognitive-behavioral intervention could be used in designing an Individualized Educational Program for better adherence to the treatment regimen in hemodialysis patients.