Distinction criteria of goodness & badness from Quran and Hadith point of view

The distinction between moral and non-moral goodness and badness and identification of the criteria of this distinction is one of issues ofethics and moral philosophy. In explaining these criteria, different schools of ethics in the West have proposed various ideas. As the criteria of this distinction, intention or motive has been introduced by oriented Motivation theories, action by deontologists, and pleasure by hedonists; but from the Islamic point of view three criteria can be proposed: agent-oriented goodness and badness (based on agent's freedom and volition), act-oriented goodness and badness, and positive and negative, individual and social, effects of action. Conscience, inborn dispositions, reason, the conduct of the wise, and the principle of justice are some cognitive tools for identifying these criteria.