Nocturnal Revelations of Hafiz

In most of his poems، Hafiz has mentioned nocturnal events which have had mystical consequences for him and he often displays such experiences by using the word “last night” and expressions like “last night I saw…”. This expression is related to “Tavareq” which is a mystical term. In mystical terminology this term means what enters into the heart of mystic and wayfarer during his nocturnal litanies and it is amongst the terms which has some referents in the poems of mystical poets before Hafiz. On the other hand، since the analysis of such nocturnal dreams which comprise notable parts of his mystical experiences is related to psychology of dream and entering into unconscious via phenomena like sleep، imagination and drunkenness during night، contemplation on such poems can bring better understanding of his internal character and mystical ranks. This article aims to analyze mystical experiences in his poems and such analysis is done by using the psychological method of Jung which considers the role of unconscious in reaching to such spiritual experiences.