The importance of Prognostic factors (ER, PR, P53) in breast cancer and their relationship with stage of disease

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in Iranian women. Several factors such as estrogen and progesterone receptors and P53 mutation can influence the prognosis in these patients. In the present study، the frequency of these prognostic factors and their correlation with patient age، tumor size and lymph nodes involvement were evaluated.

In this retrospective cohort study، over a 8-year period، 1022 cases of female breast cancer، referred to Mashhad Omid Hospital، entered for analysis.

Frequency of estrogen receptor (ER)، progesterone receptor (PR) and P53 mutation were 45. 5%، 43. 1%، and 18. 7%، respectively. There was a significant negative correlation between PR and lymph node involvement (P = 0. 006) and more axillary involvement was seen in PR negative patients. Metastasis had significant correlation with P53 mutation (P = 0. 005). Patients age significantly associated with ER، PR (P = 0. 00 and 0. 01 respectively)، such that the presence of ER،PR increased with age، but، P53 mutation had no significant correlation with age. There was a direct correlation between ER and PR (P = 0. 000) and also a reverse correlation between hormonal receptors and P53 (P = 0. 001).

P53 mutation was correlated with further metastasis and poor prognosis. Hormonal receptors could also predict axillary involvement. Evaluation of such biomarkers aided in estimation of disease prognosis.