A Study and Review of Descarte's Arguments for Essential Dualism

According to the theory of essential dualism, human being is composed of two different essences, i.e. soul or non-physical mind, and physical body, which are essentially divergent. The best-known contemporary expositor and proponent of this theory is Rene Descartes. He has given this theory a new life and formulated numerous arguments for it including language usage, behavioral creativity, methodical doubt, distinctive sensory perception, and the indivisibility of soul. In this article, we have first clearly explained those arguments, and criticized them. In addition, some objections are mentioned, with which essential dualism, in general, is faced.