A Contrastive Study of the Ordering Speech Act

The present study is a contribution to show that، beside imperative and subjunctive modes، six other linguistic forms are used in Persian and French languages to express order and necessity. The results of this research show that the relation between imperative and subjunctive is related to many factors such as: the degree in which the speaker is implicated into the fact، the semantic properties of the verb /bɑyestan/ (to have to) which stands for the imperative in both languages; the pragmatic aspect of the indirect expression of the order and its priority in the Persian language; the use of lexical phrases in both Persian and French languages for toning down the intensity of the order; the use of the future tense in French in order to express the injunctive utterances in a very polite way. However، in Persian، the use of the simple present (as an equivalent of the future tense in Persian) gives the opposite value to the utterance and intensifies the order force of the imperative form in Persian، sometimes، giving the impression of a threat.