Study of the Change the Course of Writing and Information Transfer on Emerging Civilizations of the Ancient East, Iran, Mesopotamia and Egypt

Sumerian tablets are the oldest clay tablets known to exist, dating back to the mid-4th millennium BC. Babylonians have also inscribed upon clay tablets, and kept them in their organized libraries. The excavation of ancient Elba (Tell Mardikh) located in the south west of Aleppo (Halab) city, Syria, uncovered the remains of an important library. Another collection was discovered at Ras Shamra near Latakia, Syria; wich contained several deposits of cuneiform clay tablets written in Ugaritic. The library at Ugarit held an important piece of thousand - year innovation of the Middle East. On excavation of Hattusa, the major city of Hittites situated in Anatolia, (Turkey), thousands of clay tablets were found. Through centuries, the librarians of this library employed skills from other libraries of the Middle East, and found out how to inscribe their desired tablet. Thereafter, the royal library of Ashurbanipal was found in the archaeological site of Kouyunjik near the city of Mosul in Iraq. In relation to the libraries of Egypt, it should be noted that the oldest Egyptian literary works arose from the temples describing the basis of religion, which were and kept in the library or document archive of the temples. The other archive is the treasury of Persepolis, which is one of the oldest archives located in Iran.