Determine the level of self-efficacy and its related factors in patients with ischemic heart disease: A descriptive correlational study

Ischemic heart diseases account for 46% of causes of death in Iran. To improve the health behaviors of patients with this disease, cognitive-behavioral factors such as self-efficacy can be considered. However, results of previous studies about associated factors with self-efficacy of patients with ischemic heart diseases are inconsistent. This study aimed to determine the level of self-efficacy and its related factors in patients with ischemic heart diseases referred to selected hospitals of Isfahan. This descriptive correlational study was performed on 100 patients with ischemic heart diseases hospitalized in cardiology wards of Shahid Chamran and Alzahra hospitals of Isfahan. The statistical analysis of data using descriptive and analytical statistics was performed in SPSS software version 16. The range of self-efficacy score in patients was 0 to 64 with mean score 35.28±17.48. 63% of patients had high level of self-efficacy. Although the results of chi-square test found no significant relationship between age and gender with level of self-efficacy in patients with ischemic heart diseases, but the results of the multiple logistic regression model showed that self-efficacy is greater in younger people (P=0.047), men (P=0.00) and in those with a history of regular participation in screening programs (P=0.03). The results of this study showed that age, gender and regular participation in routine screening are associated factors with self-efficacy in patients with ischemic heart diseases. According the incidence and importance of ischemic heart diseases, is recommending the necessity of strengthen the self-efficacy as an essential factor in improving patients health behaviors with using strategies such as targeted education and regular follow-up.