(Estern Nations in Ferdowsi Thoughts and Shahnameh)

The western always keep a close eye on eastern civilization through out the history. Toward doing a survey and getting to an understanding of their knowledge, customs and conventions a new field of study was created-orientalistic-. Unfortunately its principles have been emphasized on discrimination and segregation of eastern and western and eastern –assuming the supremacy and dominancy of the western out look-.Looking down on eastern civilization did not last long as recent archeological and fair scientific findings revealed values of the eastern out-look made the western to respect it.The dawn of eastern civilization was much sooner than the western one. The oldest city of the ancient world in Mesopotamia in Iraq, Jiroft in Iran and Mohenjoudarou in India were of incredible civilization.Formation of big empires in Iran, China and India were concomitant to stating of city dwelling in other parts of the world, so it would be looking into ourselves from western out-look put us to shame.In this essay I am to do a survey on racial and geographical distribution of eastern nations making a historical comparison with what has been mentioned in Shahnameh and then we do a survey on these nations’ customs, conventions and mythology. It goes without saying that this essay can not account for a full discussion of so I ignored the civilizations and nations not mentioned very often in Shahnameh.