Molecular Mechanisms of Neurotrophins Actions on Diseases of Nervous System

Neurotrophies، are the major growth factors in the nervous system، although the exact mechanisms underlying these effects have been remained obscure. Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) is a critical neurotrophine for learning، memory، and neuronal plasticity. Moreover، it exerts an important role in controlling neuronal disorders and genetic diseases such as Alzheimer، Parkinson، depression، epilepsy etc. Although there are several conflicting data in this respect، it has been reported that brain considerably responds to exercise and results in significant changes in the anatomical، molecular and cellular level of body. The findings suggest that exercise and activity helps to maintain cognitive function and brain structure، especially due to aging. Brain plasticity that is controlled by BDNF can be the basis of the beneficial effects of exercise on brain health. The present study discusses different molecular effects of BDNF and the effect of exercise on the expression of this factor and controlling related diseases.