Analysis of Savoji's " Jamshid and the Sun" Based on Prop's Theory

Morphological analysis is a central technique in structural criticism. In this analysis، the critic seeks to discover relationships among the structural constituents of a tale. It was first introduced into literary criticism by Vladimir Prop under the influence of Ferdinand de Saussure’s structural linguistics. Prop based his work on the actions of the characters in fairy tales and، after analyzing these actions and their functions، he found out that all the tales follow similar structures which can be generalized to explain the tales of various peoples over the world. Such analysis reveals that the characters of different tales، regardless of apparent differences، have constant specific functions according to their role in the tale. The present paper is an attempt at the structural analysis of the tale of “Jamshid and the Sun”، which is one of the most successful lyric tales of Persian literature، and at the study of the functions and their order in each role to determine the degree to which to these functions conform to the roles and self-actions in the story.