Phylogenetic Study of Linaria (Plantaginaceae) Based on Chloroplastic DNA Sequences From Iran

Aim and Genus Linaria Mill. Belonging to the Plantaginaceae family is categorized in Lamiales order. The habitat of this genus is the northern hemisphere and in some parts of Iran. The purpose of this study was to investigate the phylogeny and taxonomy relationships of the mentioned genus in Iran. Molecular studies were performed in accordance with the following procedure: 1-Total DNA extracted from leaves, 2-Amplification and sequencing of the genome of the chloroplast rpl32-trnL fragment area 3-Statistical analysis of evolutionary models to obtain and review the phylogeny of the studied groups,4- Interpretation of cladograms. The data matrix consisted of 71 taxa and 702 characters in Parsimony analysis. The 485 characters are constant, 109 variable characters are parsimony-uninformative, The remaining 108 are potentially parsimony informative. Four major clades including A, B, C and D were detected in Phylogenetic tree analysis. Monophyly of Linaria species was supported in this study. A basal divergence between species with winged and wingless seeds was clearly unsupported, implying the homoplasy of this trait. the results showed that Linaria species constitute a Monophylitic group. According to a set of morphological traits including entire, sessile, pinnately veined leaves; terminal, bracteate, racemose inflorescences and spurred flowers monophyly of Linaria confirmed.