Ibn Rāvandī's atheism; an accusation or a fact A critical discussion on heretical works of Ibn Rāvandī

Ibn Rāvandī is the most famous theologian of Shia Mutazilism in the third century AD. After dissenting of I’tizāl theology, he accept Imamyya theology and criticizing Mu’tazilit theology, he was working on defending and explaining of Imamyya thought. On the other hand, Mu’tazilism were always denying his dissension and making lots of accusations against him that the most famous of them was Ilhad (atheism). This accusation is mainly based on his works that believed – in Mu’tazilism opinions- they are wrote in a atheism way. The main question is whether we can trust the Mutazilite’s belief and are his works heretical works? The hypothesis is that this is not impossible that Ibn Rāvandī has created these works for criticizing Mu’tazilism, their belief about ‘adl and Towhid, and this negative facing of them makes a good field of the accusations. This is why the Mutazilites, in order to destroy Ibn Rāvandī, illustrate the works as heretical works. By examining the reports of each of these works, which were remained in Kalamy, Rijali, and Fihristi texts, it seems that most of these works have written by a philosophical approach that is not commensurable with Mu’tazilism organization thinking. On the other hand, in another set of the works, because Ibn Rāvandī has mentioned to opponent opinions next to his ideas, they have found a good pretext for the accusation; they clime that Ibn Rāvandī tries to cover his heretical ideas by these opponent opinions.