Innovation networks in complex product systems(CoPS)

The emergence of the concept of «complex products and systems.» Began from the literature of military systems، the complexity of the system، large technical systems schools، project management and industrial organization studies. Complex products are manufactured in the advanced companies، technologically advanced capital goods and investment in the capacity to produce them is one of the important landmarks of the national economy. In the area of complex products، industry is mainly composed of very small number of very large firms، suppliers، manufacturers and customers. These firms involve in the process of design، research and development، system integration، further improvements to the product and maintenance. Economic developments now require commercialization and development of complex products that innovation happens only through a complex network. So one of the distinguishing features of these products is that the mechanisms and management of innovation in these products are different from sample mass production.