Recognition and Analysis of Environmental Issues of Architecture and Urban Design, From the Viewpoint of Islam (The Scope of the Qur an and Narrations)

Islam has proposed the transcendent value in human life and environment which today, with the emergence of a new culture and negligence of the spiritual levels of human, has been ignored. For revival these values in contemporary urbanism, It is necessary that these values change from the general form to the special issue of urbanism. This issue begins by introducing each Islamic principle and describing their various levels and possible conflicts that occur today. Finding a fairly logical and comprehensive ultimate answer can only be possible with a detailed understanding of Islamic priorities. The purpose of this paper is to describe the issues of urbanization and extraction of relevant principles for urban designers and designs. The method of this paper refers to Islamic resources and logical reasoning. By studying principles of religious literature compared with traditional and historical construction on one hand and construction of new requirements on the other hand, this paper attempts to conclude general values and principles discussed in Islam for human transcendence. The most important values to be considered in the whole city are in the areas such as value for preparation for employment, gaining knowledge, thinking, recreation and physical health, public oversight, attention to religious rituals such as the ritual and symbolic aspects of Islamic thought in the city. In the neighborhood mosque as a neighborhood center, by encouraging people to participate in, with market and shopping centers (not gathering and recreation center) are discussed. Totality of neighborhoods in terms of cultural and religious dignity have different reputation. For choose the Islamic neighborhood studying this validity is required. In the choice of the Muslim neighborhood, relationship and social organization of a neighborhood is the most important principles of Islamic urbanism. And yet houses are the most of the private places of families and their respect and independence should not be affected by any interference from neighbors. This study investigates the impact of human interaction on implementing strategies to strengthen the religion community pays. Finally, the above principles regarding to the issues have been considered. Also, we have Islamic homes, neighborhood and city created by architects and urban planners with sufficient knowledge of theoretical and practical wisdom of Islam in the area of environmental planning and design for human. Obviously, the other elements of the City, such as laws, managers and citizens should follow the Islamic principles. Although the present study and the strengthening of social interaction issues prevalent in today’s research world and Iran, but it’s so far that theoretical foundations of Islam - Iranian will be investigated. This study aims to study religious rulings and interpretations of Quran and traditions (Citing sources and interpret the Shiite thinkers according to historical Islamic documents– Iran), investigate special architecture and urbanism and find principles and practical methods for them. This article was done in order to identify the principles, because in the field of religious studies, (have on the diversity and multiplicity of methods) to answer the question the model of interdisciplinary studies should be used. Type of the prevailing methodology of the research is analytical logical. In this regard among the traditional cities the same order of social, cultural and religious diversity are significant. Human social life forms one of the important aspects of Islamic values, which has been neglected by the emergence of a new culture of human communities. To restore these values in the contemporary urban, they may need to regenerate to become the expert in urban science, with a statement of each principle and the description of its different aspects and realizing the potential contradictions that today occur begins. As stated, the purpose of this paper is the issues of Islamic urbanism and obtaining the principles for urban designers. As stated, the method used in this paper is referred to Islam and deduced and logical reasoning. By study the foundations of Religious texts in compared with the traditional and historical construction in one side and the new requirements in another side, the general values and principles in Islam will be achieved for excellence of human in city, neighborhood and house. The most important fundamentals and principles have derived from the visible structure in the Islamic living environment of these values in the whole city, such as: attention the religious rituals, the need to promote public participation in strengthening interactions, to consider religious rituals, respect the rights of other citizens, in every type of construction, prohibition the construction of detriment to others.