Biomechanical Risk Factors of Non-contact Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries: A Review of the Literature

Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) injury is one of the most common sport injuries. During sport activities, the status of the various joints of the body, the neuromuscular control pattern and the muscular function can affect stresses on the ACL and its injury rates. The aim of this paper is to study the biomechanical risk factors of noncontact ACL injuries.One of the most important risk factors for ACL injuries are biomechanical factors. Position of the knee joint and torque around it and other body segments such as hip and ankle joints during sport activities can affect the amount of forces on the ACL. Simultaneous to higher incidence of ACL injuries in women, factors that maybe more deleterious for ACL are more evident in women than in men. So it seem, using methods such as neuromuscular training that modify these factors, could help to reduce stresses on ACL and its injury rates, especially in woman.