Historical Approch on Social Capital Theory; Fromation and Evolution

The idea of social capital is a continuation of Karl Marx theory on the concept of economic capital. Development of theories about human capital، cultural capital and social capital has brought new aspects to the concept of capital. This paper is looking at the historical context in which social capital as a theory was found and its framework was shaped and also how it has been developed theoretically throughout the course of history. This research is mainly based on historical method، and is specifically looking at the history of ideas. The outcome of research showed that the theory of social capital was found as a result of concentration on the value of relationships and connections in a social group. Afterwards، it led to the discovery of some kind of collective capital and its position in certain social relationships. Finally، the new concept of social capital was developed as a combination of Social Relations Theory، effective social norms and social trust. Moreover، the emergence of cognitive theories and different cognitive narrations of social capital developed a new point of view in the Theory of Social Capital.