Reasons of Defenceless Spaces Formation in Western Terminal of Tehran

The need for security has been the most basic of human needs at all over the history which has tried to provide it in various ways. But today entering in the present era and changes resulting from that in all fields, especially in urban areas, we are faced with problems of insecurity and lack of defensible spaces. Among urban terminals, and more importantly, suburban terminals and western terminal of Tehran, as one of the most important urban places of service to meet the needs of people, transportations, in the modern cities is also faced with such problems. It seems that, lack of attention to the design principles based on defensible spaces and their circadian function and conversion from place to non-place are the major factor of forming defenceless places in Tehran western terminal.In the present study, by applying survey, observation and obscure interview techniques, we investigate the developed criteria which retrieved from theories and … in western terminal site and the recorded data had been analyzed, then resulted with multiple overlapping zones, valued based on Likert spectrum in two time intervals.Finally, we obtained two zoning map of west terminal site based on risk and insecurity resulting from inconsistency with criteria. The findings show that areas raised by people observations and obscure interviews were overlap and among the most insecure areas of the proposed zones, which proved the lack of attention to circadian function and the impact of factors and defensible space design criteria on the level of insecurity and creation of defenceless spaces. Finally, some guidelines have been presented in order to eliminate the defenceless spaces based on priority of zones.