Shah Ismail I Safavid religious policy and its impact on intellectual relations of Iran and the Ottoman

Undoubtedly Imami Shiism recognition with the first victory of Shah Ismail Safavi (905-930 A-H) was stable and effective event of the day in Iran future which provided causes of many changes and transformations, especially in the arena of foreign policy. In other words, the revival of the Iranian national identity, formalize Shiite religion involved the Safavids in the borders with neighbor Sunni countries. Meanwhile and despite similarities in the religious, commercial, cultural of Iran and Ottoman, the advent of Shah Ismail and his religious policy, coupled with the deteriorating relations and intense battles between the two countries. These conditions, especially religious difference and heterogeny were followed wave of immigration, particularly immigration scholars of Ottoman to Iran for acquire knowledge and then return to their homeland and migration of scientists of Iran to Ottomans. As a result, drop in intellectual-Science activities occurred in the first half of the Safavid and consequently somewhat science and literature flourished in the Ottoman Empire. The present study aims to investigate and analyze intellectual relations of Iran and the Ottoman affected of First Shah Ismail’s religious policy by the descriptive-analytical method and based on primary sources and new research