Planning the Geo-economics and Geopolitics of Brder areas at the South-East Part of Iran and its Development Strategies, Case Study: Sistan and Baluchestan Province

Iran's borders as the communication's bottleneck and by having extra geopolitical capacities of economic, security, access, international and regional communications has the functions for creating power in the country, in which the lack of development and existence of welfare gap between the border cities and the central ones , which has created a kind of border , has increased the necessity of territorial planning of these areas. In this regard, the aim of this study was to evaluate the factors effective on Geo-economics and geopolitical conditions in border areas of South-East of the country and their effects on Territorial development and Spatial Planning. The research method is descriptive- analytical method and the sample size is 85 experts and professionals people and sampling method is random and systematic , the indices for examination of geopolitical and Geo-economic factors of the province were 22 indicators of economical, social, political and cultural ones. Based on the findings of path analysis model, geo-economic variables with the value of 0.764 have the highest effect in reducing the regional dichotomy and decreasing the center/periphery gap, but the ethnic -cultural geopolitic's variables with value - 0.538 has had negative and decreasing effect on the province planning, which their greatest effect is through the direct effects. Meanwhile, the increase of ethnic tensions due to the incitement of extra regional powers and under the effect of proximity with the border leading to insecurity in the region and these factors destroy all the existing opportunities in the area in the field of economical development , and in the main body of this study, some strategies have been presented for optima territorial planning and development in the region.