In vitro evaluation of antifungal effect and morphological change due to essential oil of Cuminum cyminum on Fusarium verticillioides on isolated from Iran

Fungi like Fusarium species that have generally been referred to as farm fungi, in terms of toxicity and toxin production are prominent in their group. The most important fumonisin toxin is fumonisin B1. Fusarium toxins are generally produced at lower temperature than optimum growth temperature. Fumonisin is a toxin produced by Fusarium verticillioides. In recent years due to ecological changes and increased soil nitrogen levels, fusarium contaminations have increased. In present study effect of essential oil (EO) of Cuminum cyminum on Fusarium verticillioides isolated in Iran were determined in vitro by micro dillution method. The main EO active ingredient of Cuminum cyminum is aldehydecuminic. This EO is water soluble. This research was performed inon14 isolated. The drug sensitivity tests were performed according to standard methods Broth Micro dillution NLCCLS-M38A2. The tests were repeated twice. MIC (Minimum inhibition concentration) frequency of EO was 0.195 μg/mlwith42.84% susceptible isolate and the least frequent was in concentration0.293μg/mlwith7.14% susceptible isolate. MFC (Minimum fungicidal concentration) frequency distribution was0.39 μg/ml with 42.84% susceptible strains and lowest frequency of susceptible isolate were 0.146, 0.293and0.586 μg/ml with 7.14%. The results indicate effectiveness of this essential oil inhibited the growth of Fusarium verticillioides. EO effect on transformation the fungus conidia were proved by microscopic examination. MIC and MFC of cuminum cyminum EO on different isolate of F. verticillioides were calculated 0.097-0.39μg/ml and 0.146-0.78 μg/mlrespectively.