Anaesthetic effect of glutamate receptors blockers with/or without Alprazolam given by different routes and doses in animal model

Ketamine one of the more important and clinical blocker of brain stimulatory neurotransmitter (glutamate) receptors is a suitable injectable anesthetic in human and animal that has a low intestinal absorption rate. It's bioavailability in human with oral administration is %207 and with rectal administration in cat is %43.56.1 .this drug has some side effects such as hypertension , histamine releasing effects, hallucination, hyper salivation (specially with oral administration) and etc. Alprazolam is a mild acting benzodiazepine that can pass trough bloodbrain barrier and causes CNS suppression. Then it seems that co administration of Alprazolam and ketamine cause more effective & deep CNS depression effects. The aim of this study was evaluation of ketamine and Alprazolam CNS suppression effects in the manner of single and together in cat. Ten free roaming male & mature cats received drugs [ketamine (20, 40, 80mg/kg) & Alprazolam (5, 10, 15mg/kg)] first in mixture of milk (4 ml) or meat (30g) or sublingual spray rout. In 2nd stage they received concomitant doses of Alprazolam & ketamine by the method mentioned above. Each animal was observed continually by educated observer for CNS depression as graded on the behavioral scales. Almost all of the animals rejected receiving drugs in mixture of milk and meat. So sublingual spray rout used for oral administration of drugs. Alprazolam & ketamine showed dose dependent effects in different administered doses. Concomitant use of Alprazolam with ketamine improved depth and duration of ketamine's CNS depression effects. So results of this study showed this fact that administration of ketamine & Alprazolam in mixture of milk & meat is not a suitable method in cats. Also Alprazolam in mentioned doses caused a weak suppression of CNS. But a strong and long time CNS depression is achieved when ketamine sprayed in mouth (as sublingual form). These Symptoms are considered significant in co administration of these two drugs.