Cultural policy of Czarism in Transoxiana: Educational System (1864- 1917)

Rusification in its cultural aspect was an attempt for the cultural annexation of Transoxiana to the Russian civilization in Czarism, which by no means was similar to the European culture. According to this policy Russian colonizers, opposed to Islam, targeted on Transoxiana’s Religious organizations and Educational System. The trend of this process in the field of education, applying by Russian representatives who used to call the Islamic organizations “the centre of Islamic fanaticism”, and then the reaction of Muslims to this critical subject is one the most pivotal concerns in this period. The plan was to restrain the governmental support from old fashioned educational system. It would eventually lead to fail and eliminate the old schools in competition with Russian alternative institutions so called Russian Schools or Russian – Indigenous Schools.
Contrary to the Russian expectations, a new kind of local educational system was formed instead, namely, New Principles schools (Madares- e Asl- e- no/ Jadid). The structural pattern although was imported, it was in a great extent successful and made Russian to take a crusial turning point in their domination policy.